GDP per capita, long-run history: compare countries

See GDP per capita, long-run history for up to four countries side by side.

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GDP per capita, long-run history by country

Annual, International dollars (2011 prices)

Source: Maddison Project Database 2023

GDP per capita, long-run history: latest observations by country
Date	Paraguay	United States	Germany	Romania
Dec 31, 1999	5,150	44,576	32,088	6,614
Dec 31, 2000	4,896	45,886	33,367	7,090
Dec 31, 2001	4,918	45,878	34,260	7,860
Dec 31, 2002	5,571	46,266	34,591	8,674
Dec 31, 2003	5,727	47,158	34,716	9,369
Dec 31, 2004	5,877	48,493	35,529	10,531
Dec 31, 2005	5,923	49,655	36,206	11,314
Dec 31, 2006	6,129	50,490	38,014	12,823
Dec 31, 2007	6,383	50,902	39,752	14,419
Dec 31, 2008	6,713	50,276	40,715	16,347
Dec 31, 2009	6,377	48,453	38,963	15,866
Dec 31, 2010	7,139	49,267	41,110	16,377
Dec 31, 2011	7,377	49,675	43,189	17,174
Dec 31, 2012	7,232	50,436	43,288	17,581
Dec 31, 2013	7,736	51,011	43,359	17,691
Dec 31, 2014	8,048	51,797	44,133	18,487
Dec 31, 2015	8,188	52,808	44,405	19,162
Dec 31, 2016	8,439	53,301	45,030	19,826
Dec 31, 2017	8,741	54,152	46,065	23,004
Dec 31, 2018	8,916	55,455	46,377	24,000
Dec 31, 2019	8,776	56,469	46,762	23,268
Dec 31, 2020	8,603	54,379	44,996	24,800
Dec 31, 2021	8,846	57,523	46,159	26,103
Dec 31, 2022	8,763	58,487	46,648	26,198

Source: Bolt, J. and van Zanden, J.L. (2024), Maddison style estimates of the evolution of the world economy: A new 2023 update, Journal of Economic Surveys, 1-41, DOI 10.1111/joes.12618. Licensed under CC BY 4.0. The original sources are listed on each page.

All data sources

Original sources of these estimates

GDP pc: 2008 - 2022: Total Economy Database the Conference Board for all countries included in TED. Otherwise UN national accounts statistics

United States

1650 - 1790: McCusker, John J., ‘Colonial Statistics’, Historical Statistics of the United States: Earliest Time to the Present, in S. B. Carter, S. S. Gartner, M. R. Haineset al. New York, Cambridge University Press. V-671.
1790 - 1870: Sutch, R. (2006). National Income and Product. Historical Statistics of the United States: Earliest Time to the Present, in S. B. Carter, S. S. Gartner, M. R. Haineset al. New York, Cambridge University Press III-23-25.
1800-1830: Prados de la Escosura, L. (2009). “Lost Decades? Economic Performance in Post-Independence Latin America,” Journal of Latin America Studies 41: 279–307. (updated data)
1820-1950: GDP movement from Maddison (1995a), amended for 1820–70 to include income of the indigenous population (taken to be $400 per capita in 1820 and 1870).

Germany

1500-1850: Pfister, U. (2022). Economic Growth in Germany, 1500–1850. The Journal of Economic History, 82(4), 1071–1107
1850-1950: Hoffmann, Grumbach and Hesse, op. cit., pp. 454-5.

Romania

1862–1995: Axenciuc, V. (2012). Produsul intern brut al Romaniei, Vol. 1, Institutl de Economie Nationala, Bucarest
1915-1919 & 1949: Voinea, L., Cojocaru, A., Costache, B., Grigoraș, V., Lovin, H., Neagu, C., Orțan, D., & Tănase, A. (2019). One Hundred Years of Honesty: Recovering the Lost Memory of the Romanian Economy 1918-2018.

No separate list is published for Paraguay; the database as a whole is cited above.