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Population, long-run history by country

Annual, Persons, thousands

Source: Maddison Project Database 2023

Population, long-run history: latest observations by country
Date	Australia	Germany	Costa Rica
Dec 31, 1999	18,692	81,439	3,785
Dec 31, 2000	18,907	81,474	3,867
Dec 31, 2001	19,151	81,534	3,951
Dec 31, 2002	19,371	81,595	4,021
Dec 31, 2003	19,595	81,566	4,079
Dec 31, 2004	19,805	81,473	4,145
Dec 31, 2005	20,048	81,354	4,212
Dec 31, 2006	20,320	81,190	4,278
Dec 31, 2007	20,694	81,009	4,338
Dec 31, 2008	21,113	80,781	4,400
Dec 31, 2009	21,553	80,500	4,467
Dec 31, 2010	21,891	80,301	4,544
Dec 31, 2011	22,197	80,292	4,587
Dec 31, 2012	22,588	80,443	4,648
Dec 31, 2013	22,980	80,663	4,707
Dec 31, 2014	23,326	81,000	4,768
Dec 31, 2015	23,664	81,704	4,827
Dec 31, 2016	24,036	82,366	4,885
Dec 31, 2017	24,445	82,674	4,942
Dec 31, 2018	24,823	82,923	4,998
Dec 31, 2019	25,204	83,110	5,052
Dec 31, 2020	25,529	83,178	5,105
Dec 31, 2021	25,574	83,213	5,158
Dec 31, 2022	25,826	83,811	5,185

Source: Bolt, J. and van Zanden, J.L. (2024), Maddison style estimates of the evolution of the world economy: A new 2023 update, Journal of Economic Surveys, 1-41, DOI 10.1111/joes.12618. Licensed under CC BY 4.0. The original sources are listed on each page.

All data sources

Original sources of these estimates

GDP pc: 2008 - 2022: Total Economy Database the Conference Board for all countries included in TED. Otherwise UN national accounts statistics

Australia

1820-1828: Butlin, N.G. 'Our 200 Years', Queesland Calendar, 1988
1828-1860: N.G. Butlin, "Contours of the Australian Economy 1788-1860", Australian Economic Review, Sept. 1986, pp. 112-13;
1861-1938/9: N.G. Butlin, Australian Domestic Product, Investment and Foreign Borrowing 1861-1938/9, Cambridge, 1962,pp.460-1; amdended as indicated in N.G. Butlin, Investment in Australian Economic Development 1861-19000, Cambridge, 1964, p. 453 and with revised deflator shown in M.W. Butlin, A Preliminary Annual Databae 1900/1901 to 1973/1974, Discussion Paper 7701, Reserve Bank of Australia, 1977, p. 41
1938/9-1950: from expenditure aggregates in 1966/7 prices in M.W. Butlin, RS/FLW/, p.85.

Germany

1500-1850: Pfister, U. (2022). Economic Growth in Germany, 1500–1850. The Journal of Economic History, 82(4), 1071–1107
1850-1950: Hoffmann, Grumbach and Hesse, op. cit., pp. 454-5.

No separate list is published for Costa Rica; the database as a whole is cited above.