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Population, long-run history by country

Annual, Persons, thousands

Source: Maddison Project Database 2023

Population, long-run history: latest observations by country
Date	Belgium	Germany	Congo - Kinshasa
Dec 31, 1999	10,227	81,439	51,181
Dec 31, 2000	10,252	81,474	52,782
Dec 31, 2001	10,288	81,534	54,453
Dec 31, 2002	10,334	81,595	56,170
Dec 31, 2003	10,377	81,566	57,860
Dec 31, 2004	10,422	81,473	59,599
Dec 31, 2005	10,480	81,354	61,474
Dec 31, 2006	10,549	81,190	63,479
Dec 31, 2007	10,627	81,009	65,590
Dec 31, 2008	10,711	80,781	67,800
Dec 31, 2009	10,797	80,500	70,114
Dec 31, 2010	10,897	80,301	72,550
Dec 31, 2011	11,039	80,292	75,138
Dec 31, 2012	11,108	80,443	77,792
Dec 31, 2013	11,160	80,663	80,534
Dec 31, 2014	11,210	81,000	83,368
Dec 31, 2015	11,275	81,704	86,229
Dec 31, 2016	11,332	82,366	89,193
Dec 31, 2017	11,376	82,674	92,209
Dec 31, 2018	11,429	82,923	95,232
Dec 31, 2019	11,491	83,110	98,320
Dec 31, 2020	11,546	83,178	101,499
Dec 31, 2021	11,594	83,213	104,767
Dec 31, 2022	11,695	83,811	108,171

Source: Bolt, J. and van Zanden, J.L. (2024), Maddison style estimates of the evolution of the world economy: A new 2023 update, Journal of Economic Surveys, 1-41, DOI 10.1111/joes.12618. Licensed under CC BY 4.0. The original sources are listed on each page.

All data sources

Original sources of these estimates

GDP pc: 2008 - 2022: Total Economy Database the Conference Board for all countries included in TED. Otherwise UN national accounts statistics

Belgium

1: Scheidel, W. and Friesen, S. J., ‘The size of the economy and the distribution of income in the Roman Empire’, Journal of Roman Studies, 99 (2009), pp. 61–91
1500- 1846: Buyst, E. (2011), “Towards Estimates of Long Term Growth in the Southern Low Countries, ca.1500-1846”, Results presented at the Conference on Quantifying Long Run Economic Development, Venice, 22-24 March, 2011
1846-1913: J. Gadisseur, "Contribution à l'étude de la production agricole en Belgique de 1846 à 1913", Revue belge d'histoire contemporaine, vol. IV, 1-2, 1973,
1913-1950: C. Carbonnelle, "Recherches sur levolution de la production en Belgique de 1900à 1957", Cahiers Economiques de Bruxelles, no. 3, April 1959, p. 358.

Germany

1500-1850: Pfister, U. (2022). Economic Growth in Germany, 1500–1850. The Journal of Economic History, 82(4), 1071–1107
1850-1950: Hoffmann, Grumbach and Hesse, op. cit., pp. 454-5.

No separate list is published for Congo - Kinshasa; the database as a whole is cited above.