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Population, long-run history by country

Annual, Persons, thousands

Source: Maddison Project Database 2023

Population, long-run history: latest observations by country
Date	Belgium	Romania	Costa Rica
Dec 31, 1999	10,227	22,414	3,785
Dec 31, 2000	10,252	22,262	3,867
Dec 31, 2001	10,288	22,106	3,951
Dec 31, 2002	10,334	21,931	4,021
Dec 31, 2003	10,377	21,828	4,079
Dec 31, 2004	10,422	21,704	4,145
Dec 31, 2005	10,480	21,571	4,212
Dec 31, 2006	10,549	21,443	4,278
Dec 31, 2007	10,627	21,129	4,338
Dec 31, 2008	10,711	20,779	4,400
Dec 31, 2009	10,797	20,607	4,467
Dec 31, 2010	10,897	20,485	4,544
Dec 31, 2011	11,039	20,385	4,587
Dec 31, 2012	11,108	20,296	4,648
Dec 31, 2013	11,160	20,224	4,707
Dec 31, 2014	11,210	20,151	4,768
Dec 31, 2015	11,275	20,055	4,827
Dec 31, 2016	11,332	19,938	4,885
Dec 31, 2017	11,376	19,823	4,942
Dec 31, 2018	11,429	19,713	4,998
Dec 31, 2019	11,491	19,622	5,052
Dec 31, 2020	11,546	19,496	5,105
Dec 31, 2021	11,594	19,351	5,158
Dec 31, 2022	11,695	19,266	5,185

Source: Bolt, J. and van Zanden, J.L. (2024), Maddison style estimates of the evolution of the world economy: A new 2023 update, Journal of Economic Surveys, 1-41, DOI 10.1111/joes.12618. Licensed under CC BY 4.0. The original sources are listed on each page.

All data sources

Original sources of these estimates

GDP pc: 2008 - 2022: Total Economy Database the Conference Board for all countries included in TED. Otherwise UN national accounts statistics

Belgium

1: Scheidel, W. and Friesen, S. J., ‘The size of the economy and the distribution of income in the Roman Empire’, Journal of Roman Studies, 99 (2009), pp. 61–91
1500- 1846: Buyst, E. (2011), “Towards Estimates of Long Term Growth in the Southern Low Countries, ca.1500-1846”, Results presented at the Conference on Quantifying Long Run Economic Development, Venice, 22-24 March, 2011
1846-1913: J. Gadisseur, "Contribution à l'étude de la production agricole en Belgique de 1846 à 1913", Revue belge d'histoire contemporaine, vol. IV, 1-2, 1973,
1913-1950: C. Carbonnelle, "Recherches sur levolution de la production en Belgique de 1900à 1957", Cahiers Economiques de Bruxelles, no. 3, April 1959, p. 358.

Romania

1862–1995: Axenciuc, V. (2012). Produsul intern brut al Romaniei, Vol. 1, Institutl de Economie Nationala, Bucarest
1915-1919 & 1949: Voinea, L., Cojocaru, A., Costache, B., Grigoraș, V., Lovin, H., Neagu, C., Orțan, D., & Tănase, A. (2019). One Hundred Years of Honesty: Recovering the Lost Memory of the Romanian Economy 1918-2018.

No separate list is published for Costa Rica; the database as a whole is cited above.