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Population, long-run history by country

Annual, Persons, thousands

Source: Maddison Project Database 2023

Population, long-run history: latest observations by country
Date	Belgium	United States	Congo - Kinshasa
Dec 31, 1999	10,227	279,040	51,181
Dec 31, 2000	10,252	282,162	52,782
Dec 31, 2001	10,288	284,969	54,453
Dec 31, 2002	10,334	287,625	56,170
Dec 31, 2003	10,377	290,108	57,860
Dec 31, 2004	10,422	292,805	59,599
Dec 31, 2005	10,480	295,517	61,474
Dec 31, 2006	10,549	298,380	63,479
Dec 31, 2007	10,627	301,231	65,590
Dec 31, 2008	10,711	304,094	67,800
Dec 31, 2009	10,797	306,772	70,114
Dec 31, 2010	10,897	309,327	72,550
Dec 31, 2011	11,039	311,583	75,138
Dec 31, 2012	11,108	313,878	77,792
Dec 31, 2013	11,160	316,060	80,534
Dec 31, 2014	11,210	318,386	83,368
Dec 31, 2015	11,275	320,739	86,229
Dec 31, 2016	11,332	323,072	89,193
Dec 31, 2017	11,376	325,122	92,209
Dec 31, 2018	11,429	326,838	95,232
Dec 31, 2019	11,491	328,330	98,320
Dec 31, 2020	11,546	331,512	101,499
Dec 31, 2021	11,594	332,032	104,767
Dec 31, 2022	11,695	333,288	108,171

Source: Bolt, J. and van Zanden, J.L. (2024), Maddison style estimates of the evolution of the world economy: A new 2023 update, Journal of Economic Surveys, 1-41, DOI 10.1111/joes.12618. Licensed under CC BY 4.0. The original sources are listed on each page.

All data sources

Original sources of these estimates

GDP pc: 2008 - 2022: Total Economy Database the Conference Board for all countries included in TED. Otherwise UN national accounts statistics

Belgium

1: Scheidel, W. and Friesen, S. J., ‘The size of the economy and the distribution of income in the Roman Empire’, Journal of Roman Studies, 99 (2009), pp. 61–91
1500- 1846: Buyst, E. (2011), “Towards Estimates of Long Term Growth in the Southern Low Countries, ca.1500-1846”, Results presented at the Conference on Quantifying Long Run Economic Development, Venice, 22-24 March, 2011
1846-1913: J. Gadisseur, "Contribution à l'étude de la production agricole en Belgique de 1846 à 1913", Revue belge d'histoire contemporaine, vol. IV, 1-2, 1973,
1913-1950: C. Carbonnelle, "Recherches sur levolution de la production en Belgique de 1900à 1957", Cahiers Economiques de Bruxelles, no. 3, April 1959, p. 358.

United States

1650 - 1790: McCusker, John J., ‘Colonial Statistics’, Historical Statistics of the United States: Earliest Time to the Present, in S. B. Carter, S. S. Gartner, M. R. Haineset al. New York, Cambridge University Press. V-671.
1790 - 1870: Sutch, R. (2006). National Income and Product. Historical Statistics of the United States: Earliest Time to the Present, in S. B. Carter, S. S. Gartner, M. R. Haineset al. New York, Cambridge University Press III-23-25.
1800-1830: Prados de la Escosura, L. (2009). “Lost Decades? Economic Performance in Post-Independence Latin America,” Journal of Latin America Studies 41: 279–307. (updated data)
1820-1950: GDP movement from Maddison (1995a), amended for 1820–70 to include income of the indigenous population (taken to be $400 per capita in 1820 and 1870).

No separate list is published for Congo - Kinshasa; the database as a whole is cited above.