Population, long-run history: compare countries

See Population, long-run history for up to four countries side by side.

Countries being compared

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Population, long-run history by country

Annual, Persons, thousands

Source: Maddison Project Database 2023

Population, long-run history: latest observations by country
Date	Brazil	Germany	Hong Kong SAR China	Iraq
Dec 31, 1999	174,320	81,439	6,587	22,076
Dec 31, 2000	176,902	81,474	6,646	22,748
Dec 31, 2001	179,389	81,534	6,695	23,440
Dec 31, 2002	181,721	81,595	6,725	24,212
Dec 31, 2003	183,970	81,566	6,712	24,979
Dec 31, 2004	186,165	81,473	6,765	25,726
Dec 31, 2005	188,330	81,354	6,794	26,531
Dec 31, 2006	190,438	81,190	6,838	26,706
Dec 31, 2007	192,450	81,009	6,897	26,429
Dec 31, 2008	194,458	80,781	6,938	26,969
Dec 31, 2009	196,464	80,500	6,953	28,024
Dec 31, 2010	198,408	80,301	7,004	28,956
Dec 31, 2011	200,152	80,292	7,052	29,974
Dec 31, 2012	201,894	80,443	7,130	31,321
Dec 31, 2013	203,614	80,663	7,159	32,779
Dec 31, 2014	205,358	81,000	7,209	33,857
Dec 31, 2015	207,148	81,704	7,271	34,674
Dec 31, 2016	208,859	82,366	7,316	35,437
Dec 31, 2017	210,537	82,674	7,372	36,200
Dec 31, 2018	212,258	82,923	7,432	37,015
Dec 31, 2019	213,940	83,110	7,487	37,846
Dec 31, 2020	215,577	83,178	7,460	38,673
Dec 31, 2021	216,720	83,213	7,392	39,491
Dec 31, 2022	217,718	83,811	7,387	40,364

Source: Bolt, J. and van Zanden, J.L. (2024), Maddison style estimates of the evolution of the world economy: A new 2023 update, Journal of Economic Surveys, 1-41, DOI 10.1111/joes.12618. Licensed under CC BY 4.0. The original sources are listed on each page.

All data sources

Original sources of these estimates

GDP pc: 2008 - 2022: Total Economy Database the Conference Board for all countries included in TED. Otherwise UN national accounts statistics

Brazil

1800 - 1870: Prados de la Escosura, L. (2009). “Lost Decades? Economic Performance in Post-Independence Latin America,” Journal of Latin America Studies 41: 279–307 (updated data)
1850–1899: Barro, R.J. and J.F. Ursua, (2008). “Macroeconomic Crises since 1870” Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, Economic Studies Program, The Brookings Institution, vol. 39(1 (Spring), pages 255-350
1900-1950: A. Maddison and Associates, The Political Economy of Poverty, Equity and Growth: Brazil and Mexico, Oxford University Press, New York 1992;

Germany

1500-1850: Pfister, U. (2022). Economic Growth in Germany, 1500–1850. The Journal of Economic History, 82(4), 1071–1107
1850-1950: Hoffmann, Grumbach and Hesse, op. cit., pp. 454-5.

Iraq

1: Scheidel, W. and Friesen, S. J., ‘The size of the economy and the distribution of income in the Roman Empire’, Journal of Roman Studies, 99 (2009), pp. 61–91
700 – 1500: Pamuk, Ş. and M. Shatzmiller (2011). “Real Wages and GDP per capita in the Medieval Islamic Middle East in Comparative Perspective, 700-1500”, paper presented at the 9th Conference of the European Historical Economics Society, Dublin, September 2-3, 2011.
1820, 1870, 1913, 1950: Pamuk, S. (2006), Estimating Economic Growth in the Middle East since 1820, The Journal of Economic History, vol 66, no. 3, pp. 809 - 828

No separate list is published for Hong Kong SAR China; the database as a whole is cited above.