Population, long-run history: compare countries

See Population, long-run history for up to four countries side by side.

Countries being compared

Four countries are being compared, the most the chart can show clearly. Remove one to add another.

Population, long-run history by country

Annual, Persons, thousands

Source: Maddison Project Database 2023

Population, long-run history: latest observations by country
Date	Brazil	Germany	Portugal	Canada
Dec 31, 1999	174,320	81,439	10,144	30,510
Dec 31, 2000	176,902	81,474	10,215	30,796
Dec 31, 2001	179,389	81,534	10,288	31,132
Dec 31, 2002	181,721	81,595	10,344	31,473
Dec 31, 2003	183,970	81,566	10,383	31,758
Dec 31, 2004	186,165	81,473	10,408	32,055
Dec 31, 2005	188,330	81,354	10,427	32,360
Dec 31, 2006	190,438	81,190	10,446	32,688
Dec 31, 2007	192,450	81,009	10,467	33,007
Dec 31, 2008	194,458	80,781	10,482	33,367
Dec 31, 2009	196,464	80,500	10,492	33,750
Dec 31, 2010	198,408	80,301	10,497	34,127
Dec 31, 2011	200,152	80,292	10,481	34,463
Dec 31, 2012	201,894	80,443	10,439	34,839
Dec 31, 2013	203,614	80,663	10,382	35,209
Dec 31, 2014	205,358	81,000	10,326	35,565
Dec 31, 2015	207,148	81,704	10,283	35,831
Dec 31, 2016	208,859	82,366	10,251	36,239
Dec 31, 2017	210,537	82,674	10,226	36,677
Dec 31, 2018	212,258	82,923	10,209	37,198
Dec 31, 2019	213,940	83,110	10,212	37,736
Dec 31, 2020	215,577	83,178	10,223	38,174
Dec 31, 2021	216,720	83,213	10,214	38,383
Dec 31, 2022	217,718	83,811	10,200	38,685

Source: Bolt, J. and van Zanden, J.L. (2024), Maddison style estimates of the evolution of the world economy: A new 2023 update, Journal of Economic Surveys, 1-41, DOI 10.1111/joes.12618. Licensed under CC BY 4.0. The original sources are listed on each page.

All data sources

Original sources of these estimates

GDP pc: 2008 - 2022: Total Economy Database the Conference Board for all countries included in TED. Otherwise UN national accounts statistics

Brazil

1800 - 1870: Prados de la Escosura, L. (2009). “Lost Decades? Economic Performance in Post-Independence Latin America,” Journal of Latin America Studies 41: 279–307 (updated data)
1850–1899: Barro, R.J. and J.F. Ursua, (2008). “Macroeconomic Crises since 1870” Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, Economic Studies Program, The Brookings Institution, vol. 39(1 (Spring), pages 255-350
1900-1950: A. Maddison and Associates, The Political Economy of Poverty, Equity and Growth: Brazil and Mexico, Oxford University Press, New York 1992;

Germany

1500-1850: Pfister, U. (2022). Economic Growth in Germany, 1500–1850. The Journal of Economic History, 82(4), 1071–1107
1850-1950: Hoffmann, Grumbach and Hesse, op. cit., pp. 454-5.

Portugal

1: Scheidel, W. and Friesen, S. J., ‘The size of the economy and the distribution of income in the Roman Empire’, Journal of Roman Studies, 99 (2009), pp. 61–91
1530–1850: Palma, N., & Reis, J. (2019). From Convergence to Divergence: Portuguese Economic Growth, 1527–1850. The Journal of Economic History, 79(2), 477-506. doi:10.1017/S0022050719000056
1850-1913: Pedro Lains, "How Far Can We Go? Measuring Portuguese Economic Growth (1850-1913)"
1938-1950: R. Janes Cartado and N.E. Sequeira da Rosa, Series Longas as Contas Nacionais Portuguesas 1958-1985, Banco de Portugal, Lisbon,

Canada

1820-1850: Maddison, A. Monitoring the World Economy, 1995
1851-70: O.J. Firestone, "Canada's Changing Economy in the Second Half of the 19th Century", NBER, New York, 1957, processed, amended for 1820–70 to include income of the indigenous population (taken to be $400 per capita in 1820 and 1870)
1870-1926: M.C. Urquart and Associates, ed., Gross National Product, Canada 1870-1926: The Derivation of the Estimates, McGill Queen's University Press, Montreal, 1993, pp. 11-12 and 24-5,
1926-1950: Statistics Canada, National Income and Expenditure Accounts, vol. 1, The Annual Estimates 1926-1974, Ottawa, 1975, p. 323. 1960 onwards from OECD, National Accounts.