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Population, long-run history by country

Annual, Persons, thousands

Source: Maddison Project Database 2023

Population, long-run history: latest observations by country
Date	Canada	India	Congo - Kinshasa
Dec 31, 1999	30,510	1,000,965	51,181
Dec 31, 2000	30,796	1,018,667	52,782
Dec 31, 2001	31,132	1,036,256	54,453
Dec 31, 2002	31,473	1,053,663	56,170
Dec 31, 2003	31,758	1,070,882	57,860
Dec 31, 2004	32,055	1,087,941	59,599
Dec 31, 2005	32,360	1,104,803	61,474
Dec 31, 2006	32,688	1,121,354	63,479
Dec 31, 2007	33,007	1,137,576	65,590
Dec 31, 2008	33,367	1,153,547	67,800
Dec 31, 2009	33,750	1,169,239	70,114
Dec 31, 2010	34,127	1,184,638	72,550
Dec 31, 2011	34,463	1,199,810	75,138
Dec 31, 2012	34,839	1,214,839	77,792
Dec 31, 2013	35,209	1,229,765	80,534
Dec 31, 2014	35,565	1,244,577	83,368
Dec 31, 2015	35,831	1,259,236	86,229
Dec 31, 2016	36,239	1,273,693	89,193
Dec 31, 2017	36,677	1,287,902	92,209
Dec 31, 2018	37,198	1,301,821	95,232
Dec 31, 2019	37,736	1,315,530	98,320
Dec 31, 2020	38,174	1,329,062	101,499
Dec 31, 2021	38,383	1,339,912	104,767
Dec 31, 2022	38,685	1,349,060	108,171

Source: Bolt, J. and van Zanden, J.L. (2024), Maddison style estimates of the evolution of the world economy: A new 2023 update, Journal of Economic Surveys, 1-41, DOI 10.1111/joes.12618. Licensed under CC BY 4.0. The original sources are listed on each page.

All data sources

Original sources of these estimates

GDP pc: 2008 - 2022: Total Economy Database the Conference Board for all countries included in TED. Otherwise UN national accounts statistics

Canada

1820-1850: Maddison, A. Monitoring the World Economy, 1995
1851-70: O.J. Firestone, "Canada's Changing Economy in the Second Half of the 19th Century", NBER, New York, 1957, processed, amended for 1820–70 to include income of the indigenous population (taken to be $400 per capita in 1820 and 1870)
1870-1926: M.C. Urquart and Associates, ed., Gross National Product, Canada 1870-1926: The Derivation of the Estimates, McGill Queen's University Press, Montreal, 1993, pp. 11-12 and 24-5,
1926-1950: Statistics Canada, National Income and Expenditure Accounts, vol. 1, The Annual Estimates 1926-1974, Ottawa, 1975, p. 323. 1960 onwards from OECD, National Accounts.

India

1600–1870: Broadberry, S.N., Custodis, J. and Gupta, B. (2015), “India and the great divergence: an Anglo-Indian comparison of GDP per capita, 1600–1871” Explorations in Economic History, 55: 58-75.
1870-1900: A. Heston, "National Income", in D. Kumar and M. Desai, Cambridge Economic History of India, vol. 2, Cambridge, 1983, p. 397.
1900-46: A. Maddison, "Alternative Estimates of the Real Product of India, 1900-46", Indian Economic and Social History Review, 22, 2, 1985.
1946-50: A. Maddison, Class Structure and Economic Growth: India and Pakistan Since the Moghuls, Allen and Unwin, London, 1971, p. 169.

No separate list is published for Congo - Kinshasa; the database as a whole is cited above.