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Population, long-run history by country

Annual, Persons, thousands

Source: Maddison Project Database 2023

Population, long-run history: latest observations by country
Date	Canada	United States	Congo - Kinshasa
Dec 31, 1999	30,510	279,040	51,181
Dec 31, 2000	30,796	282,162	52,782
Dec 31, 2001	31,132	284,969	54,453
Dec 31, 2002	31,473	287,625	56,170
Dec 31, 2003	31,758	290,108	57,860
Dec 31, 2004	32,055	292,805	59,599
Dec 31, 2005	32,360	295,517	61,474
Dec 31, 2006	32,688	298,380	63,479
Dec 31, 2007	33,007	301,231	65,590
Dec 31, 2008	33,367	304,094	67,800
Dec 31, 2009	33,750	306,772	70,114
Dec 31, 2010	34,127	309,327	72,550
Dec 31, 2011	34,463	311,583	75,138
Dec 31, 2012	34,839	313,878	77,792
Dec 31, 2013	35,209	316,060	80,534
Dec 31, 2014	35,565	318,386	83,368
Dec 31, 2015	35,831	320,739	86,229
Dec 31, 2016	36,239	323,072	89,193
Dec 31, 2017	36,677	325,122	92,209
Dec 31, 2018	37,198	326,838	95,232
Dec 31, 2019	37,736	328,330	98,320
Dec 31, 2020	38,174	331,512	101,499
Dec 31, 2021	38,383	332,032	104,767
Dec 31, 2022	38,685	333,288	108,171

Source: Bolt, J. and van Zanden, J.L. (2024), Maddison style estimates of the evolution of the world economy: A new 2023 update, Journal of Economic Surveys, 1-41, DOI 10.1111/joes.12618. Licensed under CC BY 4.0. The original sources are listed on each page.

All data sources

Original sources of these estimates

GDP pc: 2008 - 2022: Total Economy Database the Conference Board for all countries included in TED. Otherwise UN national accounts statistics

Canada

1820-1850: Maddison, A. Monitoring the World Economy, 1995
1851-70: O.J. Firestone, "Canada's Changing Economy in the Second Half of the 19th Century", NBER, New York, 1957, processed, amended for 1820–70 to include income of the indigenous population (taken to be $400 per capita in 1820 and 1870)
1870-1926: M.C. Urquart and Associates, ed., Gross National Product, Canada 1870-1926: The Derivation of the Estimates, McGill Queen's University Press, Montreal, 1993, pp. 11-12 and 24-5,
1926-1950: Statistics Canada, National Income and Expenditure Accounts, vol. 1, The Annual Estimates 1926-1974, Ottawa, 1975, p. 323. 1960 onwards from OECD, National Accounts.

United States

1650 - 1790: McCusker, John J., ‘Colonial Statistics’, Historical Statistics of the United States: Earliest Time to the Present, in S. B. Carter, S. S. Gartner, M. R. Haineset al. New York, Cambridge University Press. V-671.
1790 - 1870: Sutch, R. (2006). National Income and Product. Historical Statistics of the United States: Earliest Time to the Present, in S. B. Carter, S. S. Gartner, M. R. Haineset al. New York, Cambridge University Press III-23-25.
1800-1830: Prados de la Escosura, L. (2009). “Lost Decades? Economic Performance in Post-Independence Latin America,” Journal of Latin America Studies 41: 279–307. (updated data)
1820-1950: GDP movement from Maddison (1995a), amended for 1820–70 to include income of the indigenous population (taken to be $400 per capita in 1820 and 1870).

No separate list is published for Congo - Kinshasa; the database as a whole is cited above.