Population, long-run history: compare countries

See Population, long-run history for up to four countries side by side.

Countries being compared

Four countries are being compared, the most the chart can show clearly. Remove one to add another.

Population, long-run history by country

Annual, Persons, thousands

Source: Maddison Project Database 2023

Population, long-run history: latest observations by country
Date	Canada	United States	Germany	Saudi Arabia
Dec 31, 1999	30,510	279,040	81,439	19,964
Dec 31, 2000	30,796	282,162	81,474	20,426
Dec 31, 2001	31,132	284,969	81,534	20,956
Dec 31, 2002	31,473	287,625	81,595	21,549
Dec 31, 2003	31,758	290,108	81,566	22,189
Dec 31, 2004	32,055	292,805	81,473	22,850
Dec 31, 2005	32,360	295,517	81,354	23,516
Dec 31, 2006	32,688	298,380	81,190	24,178
Dec 31, 2007	33,007	301,231	81,009	24,841
Dec 31, 2008	33,367	304,094	80,781	25,518
Dec 31, 2009	33,750	306,772	80,500	26,227
Dec 31, 2010	34,127	309,327	80,301	27,068
Dec 31, 2011	34,463	311,583	80,292	27,810
Dec 31, 2012	34,839	313,878	80,443	28,516
Dec 31, 2013	35,209	316,060	80,663	29,220
Dec 31, 2014	35,565	318,386	81,000	29,936
Dec 31, 2015	35,831	320,739	81,704	30,646
Dec 31, 2016	36,239	323,072	82,366	31,360
Dec 31, 2017	36,677	325,122	82,674	32,184
Dec 31, 2018	37,198	326,838	82,923	32,869
Dec 31, 2019	37,736	328,330	83,110	33,661
Dec 31, 2020	38,174	331,512	83,178	34,542
Dec 31, 2021	38,383	332,032	83,213	33,651
Dec 31, 2022	38,685	333,288	83,811	34,081

Source: Bolt, J. and van Zanden, J.L. (2024), Maddison style estimates of the evolution of the world economy: A new 2023 update, Journal of Economic Surveys, 1-41, DOI 10.1111/joes.12618. Licensed under CC BY 4.0. The original sources are listed on each page.

All data sources

Original sources of these estimates

GDP pc: 2008 - 2022: Total Economy Database the Conference Board for all countries included in TED. Otherwise UN national accounts statistics

Canada

1820-1850: Maddison, A. Monitoring the World Economy, 1995
1851-70: O.J. Firestone, "Canada's Changing Economy in the Second Half of the 19th Century", NBER, New York, 1957, processed, amended for 1820–70 to include income of the indigenous population (taken to be $400 per capita in 1820 and 1870)
1870-1926: M.C. Urquart and Associates, ed., Gross National Product, Canada 1870-1926: The Derivation of the Estimates, McGill Queen's University Press, Montreal, 1993, pp. 11-12 and 24-5,
1926-1950: Statistics Canada, National Income and Expenditure Accounts, vol. 1, The Annual Estimates 1926-1974, Ottawa, 1975, p. 323. 1960 onwards from OECD, National Accounts.

United States

1650 - 1790: McCusker, John J., ‘Colonial Statistics’, Historical Statistics of the United States: Earliest Time to the Present, in S. B. Carter, S. S. Gartner, M. R. Haineset al. New York, Cambridge University Press. V-671.
1790 - 1870: Sutch, R. (2006). National Income and Product. Historical Statistics of the United States: Earliest Time to the Present, in S. B. Carter, S. S. Gartner, M. R. Haineset al. New York, Cambridge University Press III-23-25.
1800-1830: Prados de la Escosura, L. (2009). “Lost Decades? Economic Performance in Post-Independence Latin America,” Journal of Latin America Studies 41: 279–307. (updated data)
1820-1950: GDP movement from Maddison (1995a), amended for 1820–70 to include income of the indigenous population (taken to be $400 per capita in 1820 and 1870).

Germany

1500-1850: Pfister, U. (2022). Economic Growth in Germany, 1500–1850. The Journal of Economic History, 82(4), 1071–1107
1850-1950: Hoffmann, Grumbach and Hesse, op. cit., pp. 454-5.

Saudi Arabia

1820, 1870, 1913, 1950: Pamuk, S. (2006), Estimating Economic Growth in the Middle East since 1820, The Journal of Economic History, vol 66, no. 3, pp. 809 - 828