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Population, long-run history by country

Annual, Persons, thousands

Source: Maddison Project Database 2023

Population, long-run history: latest observations by country
Date	Congo - Kinshasa	Belgium	Italy
Dec 31, 1999	51,181	10,227	56,940
Dec 31, 2000	52,782	10,252	56,966
Dec 31, 2001	54,453	10,288	57,004
Dec 31, 2002	56,170	10,334	57,114
Dec 31, 2003	57,860	10,377	57,423
Dec 31, 2004	59,599	10,422	57,852
Dec 31, 2005	61,474	10,480	58,191
Dec 31, 2006	63,479	10,549	58,424
Dec 31, 2007	65,590	10,627	58,781
Dec 31, 2008	67,800	10,711	59,236
Dec 31, 2009	70,114	10,797	59,580
Dec 31, 2010	72,550	10,897	59,844
Dec 31, 2011	75,138	11,039	60,052
Dec 31, 2012	77,792	11,108	60,216
Dec 31, 2013	80,534	11,160	60,337
Dec 31, 2014	83,368	11,210	60,346
Dec 31, 2015	86,229	11,275	60,255
Dec 31, 2016	89,193	11,332	60,140
Dec 31, 2017	92,209	11,376	60,027
Dec 31, 2018	95,232	11,429	59,902
Dec 31, 2019	98,320	11,491	59,754
Dec 31, 2020	101,499	11,546	59,464
Dec 31, 2021	104,767	11,594	59,158
Dec 31, 2022	108,171	11,695	58,966

Source: Bolt, J. and van Zanden, J.L. (2024), Maddison style estimates of the evolution of the world economy: A new 2023 update, Journal of Economic Surveys, 1-41, DOI 10.1111/joes.12618. Licensed under CC BY 4.0. The original sources are listed on each page.

All data sources

Original sources of these estimates

GDP pc: 2008 - 2022: Total Economy Database the Conference Board for all countries included in TED. Otherwise UN national accounts statistics

Belgium

1: Scheidel, W. and Friesen, S. J., ‘The size of the economy and the distribution of income in the Roman Empire’, Journal of Roman Studies, 99 (2009), pp. 61–91
1500- 1846: Buyst, E. (2011), “Towards Estimates of Long Term Growth in the Southern Low Countries, ca.1500-1846”, Results presented at the Conference on Quantifying Long Run Economic Development, Venice, 22-24 March, 2011
1846-1913: J. Gadisseur, "Contribution à l'étude de la production agricole en Belgique de 1846 à 1913", Revue belge d'histoire contemporaine, vol. IV, 1-2, 1973,
1913-1950: C. Carbonnelle, "Recherches sur levolution de la production en Belgique de 1900à 1957", Cahiers Economiques de Bruxelles, no. 3, April 1959, p. 358.

Italy

1451-1861: Chilosi, D., & Ciccarelli, C. (2023). Italy in the Great Divergence: What Can We Learn from Engel’s Law (SSRN Scholarly Paper 4514091).
1861-1871 (North Italy): Malanima, P. (2010), “The long decline of a leading economy: GDP in central and northern Italy, 1300–1913” European Review of Economic History 15 (2): 169–219.
1871-1990: Baffigi, A. (2011).”Italian National Accounts, 1861-2011”, Banca d’Italia Economic History Working Papers 18.

No separate list is published for Congo - Kinshasa; the database as a whole is cited above.