Population, long-run history: compare countries

See Population, long-run history for up to four countries side by side.

Countries being compared

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Population, long-run history by country

Annual, Persons, thousands

Source: Maddison Project Database 2023

Population, long-run history: latest observations by country
Date	Congo - Kinshasa	Germany	Spain	Canada
Dec 31, 1999	51,181	81,439	40,378	30,510
Dec 31, 2000	52,782	81,474	40,563	30,796
Dec 31, 2001	54,453	81,534	40,775	31,132
Dec 31, 2002	56,170	81,595	41,433	31,473
Dec 31, 2003	57,860	81,566	42,205	31,758
Dec 31, 2004	59,599	81,473	42,869	32,055
Dec 31, 2005	61,474	81,354	43,672	32,360
Dec 31, 2006	63,479	81,190	44,370	32,688
Dec 31, 2007	65,590	81,009	45,246	33,007
Dec 31, 2008	67,800	80,781	45,993	33,367
Dec 31, 2009	70,114	80,500	46,378	33,750
Dec 31, 2010	72,550	80,301	46,573	34,127
Dec 31, 2011	75,138	80,292	46,746	34,463
Dec 31, 2012	77,792	80,443	46,777	34,839
Dec 31, 2013	80,534	80,663	46,603	35,209
Dec 31, 2014	83,368	81,000	46,465	35,565
Dec 31, 2015	86,229	81,704	46,420	35,831
Dec 31, 2016	89,193	82,366	46,460	36,239
Dec 31, 2017	92,209	82,674	46,543	36,677
Dec 31, 2018	95,232	82,923	46,739	37,198
Dec 31, 2019	98,320	83,110	47,116	37,736
Dec 31, 2020	101,499	83,178	47,366	38,174
Dec 31, 2021	104,767	83,213	47,342	38,383
Dec 31, 2022	108,171	83,811	47,625	38,685

Source: Bolt, J. and van Zanden, J.L. (2024), Maddison style estimates of the evolution of the world economy: A new 2023 update, Journal of Economic Surveys, 1-41, DOI 10.1111/joes.12618. Licensed under CC BY 4.0. The original sources are listed on each page.

All data sources

Original sources of these estimates

GDP pc: 2008 - 2022: Total Economy Database the Conference Board for all countries included in TED. Otherwise UN national accounts statistics

Germany

1500-1850: Pfister, U. (2022). Economic Growth in Germany, 1500–1850. The Journal of Economic History, 82(4), 1071–1107
1850-1950: Hoffmann, Grumbach and Hesse, op. cit., pp. 454-5.

Spain

1: Scheidel, W. and Friesen, S. J., ‘The size of the economy and the distribution of income in the Roman Empire’, Journal of Roman Studies, 99 (2009), pp. 61–91
1270-1850: Álvarez-Nogal, C. and L. Prados de la Escosura (2013). "The Rise and Fall of Spain (1270-1850)," Economic History Review, 66, 1, 1-37, using their annual benchmarks
1850–2011: Prados de la Escosura, L. (2017), Spanish Economic Growth, 1850-2015 (London: Palgrave Macmillan)

Canada

1820-1850: Maddison, A. Monitoring the World Economy, 1995
1851-70: O.J. Firestone, "Canada's Changing Economy in the Second Half of the 19th Century", NBER, New York, 1957, processed, amended for 1820–70 to include income of the indigenous population (taken to be $400 per capita in 1820 and 1870)
1870-1926: M.C. Urquart and Associates, ed., Gross National Product, Canada 1870-1926: The Derivation of the Estimates, McGill Queen's University Press, Montreal, 1993, pp. 11-12 and 24-5,
1926-1950: Statistics Canada, National Income and Expenditure Accounts, vol. 1, The Annual Estimates 1926-1974, Ottawa, 1975, p. 323. 1960 onwards from OECD, National Accounts.

No separate list is published for Congo - Kinshasa; the database as a whole is cited above.