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Population, long-run history by country

Annual, Persons, thousands

Source: Maddison Project Database 2023

Population, long-run history: latest observations by country
Date	Congo - Kinshasa	Japan	United States
Dec 31, 1999	51,181	126,512	279,040
Dec 31, 2000	52,782	126,755	282,162
Dec 31, 2001	54,453	127,056	284,969
Dec 31, 2002	56,170	127,324	287,625
Dec 31, 2003	57,860	127,558	290,108
Dec 31, 2004	59,599	127,658	292,805
Dec 31, 2005	61,474	127,679	295,517
Dec 31, 2006	63,479	127,762	298,380
Dec 31, 2007	65,590	127,904	301,231
Dec 31, 2008	67,800	127,969	304,094
Dec 31, 2009	70,114	127,958	306,772
Dec 31, 2010	72,550	127,967	309,327
Dec 31, 2011	75,138	127,755	311,583
Dec 31, 2012	77,792	127,476	313,878
Dec 31, 2013	80,534	127,257	316,060
Dec 31, 2014	83,368	127,186	318,386
Dec 31, 2015	86,229	127,034	320,739
Dec 31, 2016	89,193	126,857	323,072
Dec 31, 2017	92,209	126,631	325,122
Dec 31, 2018	95,232	126,368	326,838
Dec 31, 2019	98,320	126,092	328,330
Dec 31, 2020	101,499	125,634	331,512
Dec 31, 2021	104,767	125,427	332,032
Dec 31, 2022	108,171	124,762	333,288

Source: Bolt, J. and van Zanden, J.L. (2024), Maddison style estimates of the evolution of the world economy: A new 2023 update, Journal of Economic Surveys, 1-41, DOI 10.1111/joes.12618. Licensed under CC BY 4.0. The original sources are listed on each page.

All data sources

Original sources of these estimates

GDP pc: 2008 - 2022: Total Economy Database the Conference Board for all countries included in TED. Otherwise UN national accounts statistics

Japan

724-1874: Bassino, Jean-Pascal & Broadberry, Stephen & Fukao, Kyoji & Gupta, Bishnupriya & Takashima, Masanori, (2018). "Japan and the Great Divergence, 730-1874," CEI Working Paper Series 2018-13, Center for Economic Institutions, Institute of Economic Research, Hitotsubashi University
1874-1940: Fukao, K., Bassino, J.-P., Makino, T., Paprzycki, R., Settsu, T., Takashima, M., and Tokui, J. (2015) Regional Inequality and Industrial Structure in Japan: 1874-2008, Tokyo: Maruzen Publishing.

United States

1650 - 1790: McCusker, John J., ‘Colonial Statistics’, Historical Statistics of the United States: Earliest Time to the Present, in S. B. Carter, S. S. Gartner, M. R. Haineset al. New York, Cambridge University Press. V-671.
1790 - 1870: Sutch, R. (2006). National Income and Product. Historical Statistics of the United States: Earliest Time to the Present, in S. B. Carter, S. S. Gartner, M. R. Haineset al. New York, Cambridge University Press III-23-25.
1800-1830: Prados de la Escosura, L. (2009). “Lost Decades? Economic Performance in Post-Independence Latin America,” Journal of Latin America Studies 41: 279–307. (updated data)
1820-1950: GDP movement from Maddison (1995a), amended for 1820–70 to include income of the indigenous population (taken to be $400 per capita in 1820 and 1870).

No separate list is published for Congo - Kinshasa; the database as a whole is cited above.