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Population, long-run history by country

Annual, Persons, thousands

Source: Maddison Project Database 2023

Population, long-run history: latest observations by country
Date	Congo - Kinshasa	United States	Indonesia
Dec 31, 1999	51,181	279,040	208,105
Dec 31, 2000	52,782	282,162	211,408
Dec 31, 2001	54,453	284,969	214,475
Dec 31, 2002	56,170	287,625	217,516
Dec 31, 2003	57,860	290,108	220,549
Dec 31, 2004	59,599	292,805	224,473
Dec 31, 2005	61,474	295,517	227,534
Dec 31, 2006	63,479	298,380	230,739
Dec 31, 2007	65,590	301,231	233,918
Dec 31, 2008	67,800	304,094	237,056
Dec 31, 2009	70,114	306,772	240,140
Dec 31, 2010	72,550	309,327	243,171
Dec 31, 2011	75,138	311,583	246,150
Dec 31, 2012	77,792	313,878	249,086
Dec 31, 2013	80,534	316,060	251,947
Dec 31, 2014	83,368	318,386	254,702
Dec 31, 2015	86,229	320,739	257,351
Dec 31, 2016	89,193	323,072	259,906
Dec 31, 2017	92,209	325,122	262,379
Dec 31, 2018	95,232	326,838	264,789
Dec 31, 2019	98,320	328,330	267,142
Dec 31, 2020	101,499	331,512	269,437
Dec 31, 2021	104,767	332,032	271,674
Dec 31, 2022	108,171	333,288	273,409

Source: Bolt, J. and van Zanden, J.L. (2024), Maddison style estimates of the evolution of the world economy: A new 2023 update, Journal of Economic Surveys, 1-41, DOI 10.1111/joes.12618. Licensed under CC BY 4.0. The original sources are listed on each page.

All data sources

Original sources of these estimates

GDP pc: 2008 - 2022: Total Economy Database the Conference Board for all countries included in TED. Otherwise UN national accounts statistics

United States

1650 - 1790: McCusker, John J., ‘Colonial Statistics’, Historical Statistics of the United States: Earliest Time to the Present, in S. B. Carter, S. S. Gartner, M. R. Haineset al. New York, Cambridge University Press. V-671.
1790 - 1870: Sutch, R. (2006). National Income and Product. Historical Statistics of the United States: Earliest Time to the Present, in S. B. Carter, S. S. Gartner, M. R. Haineset al. New York, Cambridge University Press III-23-25.
1800-1830: Prados de la Escosura, L. (2009). “Lost Decades? Economic Performance in Post-Independence Latin America,” Journal of Latin America Studies 41: 279–307. (updated data)
1820-1950: GDP movement from Maddison (1995a), amended for 1820–70 to include income of the indigenous population (taken to be $400 per capita in 1820 and 1870).

Indonesia

1815 – 1880 (Java): Van Zanden (2012). “Economic Growth in Java 1815-1939: The Reconstruction of the Historical National Accounts of a Colonial Economy”, Maddison-Project Working Paper WP-3.
1880-2008: Van der Eng, P. (2010). The Sources of Long-Term Economic Growth in Indonesia, 1880-2008”, Explorations in Economic History, 47: 294-309

No separate list is published for Congo - Kinshasa; the database as a whole is cited above.