Population, long-run history: compare countries

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Population, long-run history by country

Annual, Persons, thousands

Source: Maddison Project Database 2023

Population, long-run history: latest observations by country
Date	Germany	United States	Indonesia	Congo - Kinshasa
Dec 31, 1999	81,439	279,040	208,105	51,181
Dec 31, 2000	81,474	282,162	211,408	52,782
Dec 31, 2001	81,534	284,969	214,475	54,453
Dec 31, 2002	81,595	287,625	217,516	56,170
Dec 31, 2003	81,566	290,108	220,549	57,860
Dec 31, 2004	81,473	292,805	224,473	59,599
Dec 31, 2005	81,354	295,517	227,534	61,474
Dec 31, 2006	81,190	298,380	230,739	63,479
Dec 31, 2007	81,009	301,231	233,918	65,590
Dec 31, 2008	80,781	304,094	237,056	67,800
Dec 31, 2009	80,500	306,772	240,140	70,114
Dec 31, 2010	80,301	309,327	243,171	72,550
Dec 31, 2011	80,292	311,583	246,150	75,138
Dec 31, 2012	80,443	313,878	249,086	77,792
Dec 31, 2013	80,663	316,060	251,947	80,534
Dec 31, 2014	81,000	318,386	254,702	83,368
Dec 31, 2015	81,704	320,739	257,351	86,229
Dec 31, 2016	82,366	323,072	259,906	89,193
Dec 31, 2017	82,674	325,122	262,379	92,209
Dec 31, 2018	82,923	326,838	264,789	95,232
Dec 31, 2019	83,110	328,330	267,142	98,320
Dec 31, 2020	83,178	331,512	269,437	101,499
Dec 31, 2021	83,213	332,032	271,674	104,767
Dec 31, 2022	83,811	333,288	273,409	108,171

Source: Bolt, J. and van Zanden, J.L. (2024), Maddison style estimates of the evolution of the world economy: A new 2023 update, Journal of Economic Surveys, 1-41, DOI 10.1111/joes.12618. Licensed under CC BY 4.0. The original sources are listed on each page.

All data sources

Original sources of these estimates

GDP pc: 2008 - 2022: Total Economy Database the Conference Board for all countries included in TED. Otherwise UN national accounts statistics

Germany

1500-1850: Pfister, U. (2022). Economic Growth in Germany, 1500–1850. The Journal of Economic History, 82(4), 1071–1107
1850-1950: Hoffmann, Grumbach and Hesse, op. cit., pp. 454-5.

United States

1650 - 1790: McCusker, John J., ‘Colonial Statistics’, Historical Statistics of the United States: Earliest Time to the Present, in S. B. Carter, S. S. Gartner, M. R. Haineset al. New York, Cambridge University Press. V-671.
1790 - 1870: Sutch, R. (2006). National Income and Product. Historical Statistics of the United States: Earliest Time to the Present, in S. B. Carter, S. S. Gartner, M. R. Haineset al. New York, Cambridge University Press III-23-25.
1800-1830: Prados de la Escosura, L. (2009). “Lost Decades? Economic Performance in Post-Independence Latin America,” Journal of Latin America Studies 41: 279–307. (updated data)
1820-1950: GDP movement from Maddison (1995a), amended for 1820–70 to include income of the indigenous population (taken to be $400 per capita in 1820 and 1870).

Indonesia

1815 – 1880 (Java): Van Zanden (2012). “Economic Growth in Java 1815-1939: The Reconstruction of the Historical National Accounts of a Colonial Economy”, Maddison-Project Working Paper WP-3.
1880-2008: Van der Eng, P. (2010). The Sources of Long-Term Economic Growth in Indonesia, 1880-2008”, Explorations in Economic History, 47: 294-309

No separate list is published for Congo - Kinshasa; the database as a whole is cited above.