Population, long-run history: compare countries

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Population, long-run history by country

Annual, Persons, thousands

Source: Maddison Project Database 2023

Population, long-run history: latest observations by country
Date	Spain	Estonia
Dec 31, 1999	40,378	1,378
Dec 31, 2000	40,563	1,400
Dec 31, 2001	40,775	1,391
Dec 31, 2002	41,433	1,382
Dec 31, 2003	42,205	1,374
Dec 31, 2004	42,869	1,365
Dec 31, 2005	43,672	1,357
Dec 31, 2006	44,370	1,349
Dec 31, 2007	45,246	1,341
Dec 31, 2008	45,993	1,337
Dec 31, 2009	46,378	1,334
Dec 31, 2010	46,573	1,332
Dec 31, 2011	46,746	1,328
Dec 31, 2012	46,777	1,324
Dec 31, 2013	46,603	1,319
Dec 31, 2014	46,465	1,314
Dec 31, 2015	46,420	1,312
Dec 31, 2016	46,460	1,314
Dec 31, 2017	46,543	1,314
Dec 31, 2018	46,739	1,318
Dec 31, 2019	47,116	1,323
Dec 31, 2020	47,366	1,327
Dec 31, 2021	47,342	1,329
Dec 31, 2022	47,625	1,330

Source: Bolt, J. and van Zanden, J.L. (2024), Maddison style estimates of the evolution of the world economy: A new 2023 update, Journal of Economic Surveys, 1-41, DOI 10.1111/joes.12618. Licensed under CC BY 4.0. The original sources are listed on each page.

All data sources

Original sources of these estimates

GDP pc: 2008 - 2022: Total Economy Database the Conference Board for all countries included in TED. Otherwise UN national accounts statistics

Spain

1: Scheidel, W. and Friesen, S. J., ‘The size of the economy and the distribution of income in the Roman Empire’, Journal of Roman Studies, 99 (2009), pp. 61–91
1270-1850: Álvarez-Nogal, C. and L. Prados de la Escosura (2013). "The Rise and Fall of Spain (1270-1850)," Economic History Review, 66, 1, 1-37, using their annual benchmarks
1850–2011: Prados de la Escosura, L. (2017), Spanish Economic Growth, 1850-2015 (London: Palgrave Macmillan)

No separate list is published for Estonia; the database as a whole is cited above.