Population, long-run history: compare countries

See Population, long-run history for up to four countries side by side.

Countries being compared

Four countries are being compared, the most the chart can show clearly. Remove one to add another.

Population, long-run history by country

Annual, Persons, thousands

Source: Maddison Project Database 2023

Population, long-run history: latest observations by country
Date	United Kingdom	Germany	Egypt	Brazil
Dec 31, 1999	58,946	81,439	66,001	174,320
Dec 31, 2000	59,149	81,474	67,377	176,902
Dec 31, 2001	59,377	81,534	68,790	179,389
Dec 31, 2002	59,631	81,595	70,269	181,721
Dec 31, 2003	59,903	81,566	71,785	183,970
Dec 31, 2004	60,217	81,473	73,298	186,165
Dec 31, 2005	60,682	81,354	74,832	188,330
Dec 31, 2006	61,098	81,190	76,432	190,438
Dec 31, 2007	61,593	81,009	78,140	192,450
Dec 31, 2008	62,100	80,781	79,945	194,458
Dec 31, 2009	62,539	80,500	81,840	196,464
Dec 31, 2010	63,040	80,301	83,844	198,408
Dec 31, 2011	63,567	80,292	85,969	200,152
Dec 31, 2012	63,989	80,443	88,198	201,894
Dec 31, 2013	64,392	80,663	90,566	203,614
Dec 31, 2014	64,885	81,000	93,009	205,358
Dec 31, 2015	65,400	81,704	95,432	207,148
Dec 31, 2016	65,941	82,366	97,882	208,859
Dec 31, 2017	66,335	82,674	100,303	210,537
Dec 31, 2018	66,732	82,923	102,617	212,258
Dec 31, 2019	67,095	83,110	104,816	213,940
Dec 31, 2020	67,380	83,178	106,893	215,577
Dec 31, 2021	67,651	83,213	108,871	216,720
Dec 31, 2022	68,093	83,811	110,593	217,718

Source: Bolt, J. and van Zanden, J.L. (2024), Maddison style estimates of the evolution of the world economy: A new 2023 update, Journal of Economic Surveys, 1-41, DOI 10.1111/joes.12618. Licensed under CC BY 4.0. The original sources are listed on each page.

All data sources

Original sources of these estimates

GDP pc: 2008 - 2022: Total Economy Database the Conference Board for all countries included in TED. Otherwise UN national accounts statistics

United Kingdom

1: Scheidel, W. and Friesen, S. J., ‘The size of the economy and the distribution of income in the Roman Empire’, Journal of Roman Studies, 99 (2009), pp. 61–91
1252–1700 (England): Broadberry, S.N., B. Campbell, A. Klein, M. Overton and B. van Leeuwen (2015), British Economic Growth 1270-1870 Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
1700–1870: Broadberry, S.N., B. Campbell, A. Klein, M. Overton and B. van Leeuwen (2015), British Economic Growth 1270-1870 Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
1870-1950: C.H. Feinstein, National Income Expenditure and Output of the United Kingdom 1855-1965, Cambridge, 1972

Germany

1500-1850: Pfister, U. (2022). Economic Growth in Germany, 1500–1850. The Journal of Economic History, 82(4), 1071–1107
1850-1950: Hoffmann, Grumbach and Hesse, op. cit., pp. 454-5.

Egypt

1: Scheidel, W. and Friesen, S. J., ‘The size of the economy and the distribution of income in the Roman Empire’, Journal of Roman Studies, 99 (2009), pp. 61–91
700 – 1500: Pamuk, Ş. and M. Shatzmiller (2011). “Real Wages and GDP per capita in the Medieval Islamic Middle East in Comparative Perspective, 700-1500”, paper presented at the 9th Conference of the European Historical Economics Society, Dublin, September 2-3, 2011.
1820, 1870, 1913, 1950: Pamuk, S. (2006), Estimating Economic Growth in the Middle East since 1820, The Journal of Economic History, vol 66, no. 3, pp. 809 - 828

Brazil

1800 - 1870: Prados de la Escosura, L. (2009). “Lost Decades? Economic Performance in Post-Independence Latin America,” Journal of Latin America Studies 41: 279–307 (updated data)
1850–1899: Barro, R.J. and J.F. Ursua, (2008). “Macroeconomic Crises since 1870” Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, Economic Studies Program, The Brookings Institution, vol. 39(1 (Spring), pages 255-350
1900-1950: A. Maddison and Associates, The Political Economy of Poverty, Equity and Growth: Brazil and Mexico, Oxford University Press, New York 1992;