Population, long-run history: compare countries

See Population, long-run history for up to four countries side by side.

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Population, long-run history by country

Annual, Persons, thousands

Source: Maddison Project Database 2023

Population, long-run history: latest observations by country
Date	United Kingdom	Germany	France	United States
Dec 31, 1999	58,946	81,439	60,396	279,040
Dec 31, 2000	59,149	81,474	60,811	282,162
Dec 31, 2001	59,377	81,534	61,255	284,969
Dec 31, 2002	59,631	81,595	61,703	287,625
Dec 31, 2003	59,903	81,566	62,141	290,108
Dec 31, 2004	60,217	81,473	62,600	292,805
Dec 31, 2005	60,682	81,354	63,073	295,517
Dec 31, 2006	61,098	81,190	63,513	298,380
Dec 31, 2007	61,593	81,009	63,906	301,231
Dec 31, 2008	62,100	80,781	64,264	304,094
Dec 31, 2009	62,539	80,500	64,594	306,772
Dec 31, 2010	63,040	80,301	64,913	309,327
Dec 31, 2011	63,567	80,292	65,231	311,583
Dec 31, 2012	63,989	80,443	65,552	313,878
Dec 31, 2013	64,392	80,663	65,891	316,060
Dec 31, 2014	64,885	81,000	66,212	318,386
Dec 31, 2015	65,400	81,704	66,480	320,739
Dec 31, 2016	65,941	82,366	66,730	323,072
Dec 31, 2017	66,335	82,674	67,015	325,122
Dec 31, 2018	66,732	82,923	67,347	326,838
Dec 31, 2019	67,095	83,110	67,660	328,330
Dec 31, 2020	67,380	83,178	67,901	331,512
Dec 31, 2021	67,651	83,213	68,114	332,032
Dec 31, 2022	68,093	83,811	68,387	333,288

Source: Bolt, J. and van Zanden, J.L. (2024), Maddison style estimates of the evolution of the world economy: A new 2023 update, Journal of Economic Surveys, 1-41, DOI 10.1111/joes.12618. Licensed under CC BY 4.0. The original sources are listed on each page.

All data sources

Original sources of these estimates

GDP pc: 2008 - 2022: Total Economy Database the Conference Board for all countries included in TED. Otherwise UN national accounts statistics

United Kingdom

1: Scheidel, W. and Friesen, S. J., ‘The size of the economy and the distribution of income in the Roman Empire’, Journal of Roman Studies, 99 (2009), pp. 61–91
1252–1700 (England): Broadberry, S.N., B. Campbell, A. Klein, M. Overton and B. van Leeuwen (2015), British Economic Growth 1270-1870 Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
1700–1870: Broadberry, S.N., B. Campbell, A. Klein, M. Overton and B. van Leeuwen (2015), British Economic Growth 1270-1870 Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
1870-1950: C.H. Feinstein, National Income Expenditure and Output of the United Kingdom 1855-1965, Cambridge, 1972

Germany

1500-1850: Pfister, U. (2022). Economic Growth in Germany, 1500–1850. The Journal of Economic History, 82(4), 1071–1107
1850-1950: Hoffmann, Grumbach and Hesse, op. cit., pp. 454-5.

France

1: Scheidel, W. and Friesen, S. J., ‘The size of the economy and the distribution of income in the Roman Empire’, Journal of Roman Studies, 99 (2009), pp. 61–91
1276–1800: Ridolfi, L., & Nuvolari, A. (2021). L’histoire immobile? A reappraisal of French economic growth using the demand-side approach, 1280–1850. European Review of Economic History, 25(3), 405–428
1850-1913: Toutain, Le Produit interieur de la France de 1789 a 1982, Presses Universitaires de Grenoble, 1987
1920-1950: Toutain, Le Produit interieur de la France de 1789 a 1982, Presses Universitaires de Grenoble, 1987

United States

1650 - 1790: McCusker, John J., ‘Colonial Statistics’, Historical Statistics of the United States: Earliest Time to the Present, in S. B. Carter, S. S. Gartner, M. R. Haineset al. New York, Cambridge University Press. V-671.
1790 - 1870: Sutch, R. (2006). National Income and Product. Historical Statistics of the United States: Earliest Time to the Present, in S. B. Carter, S. S. Gartner, M. R. Haineset al. New York, Cambridge University Press III-23-25.
1800-1830: Prados de la Escosura, L. (2009). “Lost Decades? Economic Performance in Post-Independence Latin America,” Journal of Latin America Studies 41: 279–307. (updated data)
1820-1950: GDP movement from Maddison (1995a), amended for 1820–70 to include income of the indigenous population (taken to be $400 per capita in 1820 and 1870).