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Population, long-run history by country

Annual, Persons, thousands

Source: Maddison Project Database 2023

Population, long-run history: latest observations by country
Date	Italy	Congo - Kinshasa	Belgium
Dec 31, 1999	56,940	51,181	10,227
Dec 31, 2000	56,966	52,782	10,252
Dec 31, 2001	57,004	54,453	10,288
Dec 31, 2002	57,114	56,170	10,334
Dec 31, 2003	57,423	57,860	10,377
Dec 31, 2004	57,852	59,599	10,422
Dec 31, 2005	58,191	61,474	10,480
Dec 31, 2006	58,424	63,479	10,549
Dec 31, 2007	58,781	65,590	10,627
Dec 31, 2008	59,236	67,800	10,711
Dec 31, 2009	59,580	70,114	10,797
Dec 31, 2010	59,844	72,550	10,897
Dec 31, 2011	60,052	75,138	11,039
Dec 31, 2012	60,216	77,792	11,108
Dec 31, 2013	60,337	80,534	11,160
Dec 31, 2014	60,346	83,368	11,210
Dec 31, 2015	60,255	86,229	11,275
Dec 31, 2016	60,140	89,193	11,332
Dec 31, 2017	60,027	92,209	11,376
Dec 31, 2018	59,902	95,232	11,429
Dec 31, 2019	59,754	98,320	11,491
Dec 31, 2020	59,464	101,499	11,546
Dec 31, 2021	59,158	104,767	11,594
Dec 31, 2022	58,966	108,171	11,695

Source: Bolt, J. and van Zanden, J.L. (2024), Maddison style estimates of the evolution of the world economy: A new 2023 update, Journal of Economic Surveys, 1-41, DOI 10.1111/joes.12618. Licensed under CC BY 4.0. The original sources are listed on each page.

All data sources

Original sources of these estimates

GDP pc: 2008 - 2022: Total Economy Database the Conference Board for all countries included in TED. Otherwise UN national accounts statistics

Italy

1451-1861: Chilosi, D., & Ciccarelli, C. (2023). Italy in the Great Divergence: What Can We Learn from Engel’s Law (SSRN Scholarly Paper 4514091).
1861-1871 (North Italy): Malanima, P. (2010), “The long decline of a leading economy: GDP in central and northern Italy, 1300–1913” European Review of Economic History 15 (2): 169–219.
1871-1990: Baffigi, A. (2011).”Italian National Accounts, 1861-2011”, Banca d’Italia Economic History Working Papers 18.

Belgium

1: Scheidel, W. and Friesen, S. J., ‘The size of the economy and the distribution of income in the Roman Empire’, Journal of Roman Studies, 99 (2009), pp. 61–91
1500- 1846: Buyst, E. (2011), “Towards Estimates of Long Term Growth in the Southern Low Countries, ca.1500-1846”, Results presented at the Conference on Quantifying Long Run Economic Development, Venice, 22-24 March, 2011
1846-1913: J. Gadisseur, "Contribution à l'étude de la production agricole en Belgique de 1846 à 1913", Revue belge d'histoire contemporaine, vol. IV, 1-2, 1973,
1913-1950: C. Carbonnelle, "Recherches sur levolution de la production en Belgique de 1900à 1957", Cahiers Economiques de Bruxelles, no. 3, April 1959, p. 358.

No separate list is published for Congo - Kinshasa; the database as a whole is cited above.