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Population, long-run history by country

Annual, Persons, thousands

Source: Maddison Project Database 2023

Population, long-run history: latest observations by country
Date	Italy	Congo - Kinshasa	India
Dec 31, 1999	56,940	51,181	1,000,965
Dec 31, 2000	56,966	52,782	1,018,667
Dec 31, 2001	57,004	54,453	1,036,256
Dec 31, 2002	57,114	56,170	1,053,663
Dec 31, 2003	57,423	57,860	1,070,882
Dec 31, 2004	57,852	59,599	1,087,941
Dec 31, 2005	58,191	61,474	1,104,803
Dec 31, 2006	58,424	63,479	1,121,354
Dec 31, 2007	58,781	65,590	1,137,576
Dec 31, 2008	59,236	67,800	1,153,547
Dec 31, 2009	59,580	70,114	1,169,239
Dec 31, 2010	59,844	72,550	1,184,638
Dec 31, 2011	60,052	75,138	1,199,810
Dec 31, 2012	60,216	77,792	1,214,839
Dec 31, 2013	60,337	80,534	1,229,765
Dec 31, 2014	60,346	83,368	1,244,577
Dec 31, 2015	60,255	86,229	1,259,236
Dec 31, 2016	60,140	89,193	1,273,693
Dec 31, 2017	60,027	92,209	1,287,902
Dec 31, 2018	59,902	95,232	1,301,821
Dec 31, 2019	59,754	98,320	1,315,530
Dec 31, 2020	59,464	101,499	1,329,062
Dec 31, 2021	59,158	104,767	1,339,912
Dec 31, 2022	58,966	108,171	1,349,060

Source: Bolt, J. and van Zanden, J.L. (2024), Maddison style estimates of the evolution of the world economy: A new 2023 update, Journal of Economic Surveys, 1-41, DOI 10.1111/joes.12618. Licensed under CC BY 4.0. The original sources are listed on each page.

All data sources

Original sources of these estimates

GDP pc: 2008 - 2022: Total Economy Database the Conference Board for all countries included in TED. Otherwise UN national accounts statistics

Italy

1451-1861: Chilosi, D., & Ciccarelli, C. (2023). Italy in the Great Divergence: What Can We Learn from Engel’s Law (SSRN Scholarly Paper 4514091).
1861-1871 (North Italy): Malanima, P. (2010), “The long decline of a leading economy: GDP in central and northern Italy, 1300–1913” European Review of Economic History 15 (2): 169–219.
1871-1990: Baffigi, A. (2011).”Italian National Accounts, 1861-2011”, Banca d’Italia Economic History Working Papers 18.

India

1600–1870: Broadberry, S.N., Custodis, J. and Gupta, B. (2015), “India and the great divergence: an Anglo-Indian comparison of GDP per capita, 1600–1871” Explorations in Economic History, 55: 58-75.
1870-1900: A. Heston, "National Income", in D. Kumar and M. Desai, Cambridge Economic History of India, vol. 2, Cambridge, 1983, p. 397.
1900-46: A. Maddison, "Alternative Estimates of the Real Product of India, 1900-46", Indian Economic and Social History Review, 22, 2, 1985.
1946-50: A. Maddison, Class Structure and Economic Growth: India and Pakistan Since the Moghuls, Allen and Unwin, London, 1971, p. 169.

No separate list is published for Congo - Kinshasa; the database as a whole is cited above.