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Population, long-run history by country

Annual, Persons, thousands

Source: Maddison Project Database 2023

Population, long-run history: latest observations by country
Date	Italy	China	Congo - Kinshasa
Dec 31, 1999	56,940	1,248,899	51,181
Dec 31, 2000	56,966	1,258,401	52,782
Dec 31, 2001	57,004	1,267,178	54,453
Dec 31, 2002	57,114	1,275,379	56,170
Dec 31, 2003	57,423	1,283,064	57,860
Dec 31, 2004	57,852	1,290,620	59,599
Dec 31, 2005	58,191	1,298,245	61,474
Dec 31, 2006	58,424	1,305,116	63,479
Dec 31, 2007	58,781	1,311,877	65,590
Dec 31, 2008	59,236	1,318,559	67,800
Dec 31, 2009	59,580	1,324,993	70,114
Dec 31, 2010	59,844	1,331,357	72,550
Dec 31, 2011	60,052	1,339,549	75,138
Dec 31, 2012	60,216	1,349,537	77,792
Dec 31, 2013	60,337	1,357,520	80,534
Dec 31, 2014	60,346	1,366,654	83,368
Dec 31, 2015	60,255	1,373,406	86,229
Dec 31, 2016	60,140	1,382,401	89,193
Dec 31, 2017	60,027	1,390,136	92,209
Dec 31, 2018	59,902	1,395,398	95,232
Dec 31, 2019	59,754	1,400,035	98,320
Dec 31, 2020	59,464	1,402,060	101,499
Dec 31, 2021	59,158	1,402,537	104,767
Dec 31, 2022	58,966	1,401,693	108,171

Source: Bolt, J. and van Zanden, J.L. (2024), Maddison style estimates of the evolution of the world economy: A new 2023 update, Journal of Economic Surveys, 1-41, DOI 10.1111/joes.12618. Licensed under CC BY 4.0. The original sources are listed on each page.

All data sources

Original sources of these estimates

GDP pc: 2008 - 2022: Total Economy Database the Conference Board for all countries included in TED. Otherwise UN national accounts statistics

Italy

1451-1861: Chilosi, D., & Ciccarelli, C. (2023). Italy in the Great Divergence: What Can We Learn from Engel’s Law (SSRN Scholarly Paper 4514091).
1861-1871 (North Italy): Malanima, P. (2010), “The long decline of a leading economy: GDP in central and northern Italy, 1300–1913” European Review of Economic History 15 (2): 169–219.
1871-1990: Baffigi, A. (2011).”Italian National Accounts, 1861-2011”, Banca d’Italia Economic History Working Papers 18.

China

1000-1661: Broadberry, S.N., Guan, Hanhui and David Daokui Li (2018), “China, Europe and the Great Divergence: a Study in Historical National Accounting, 980-1850”, Journal of Economic History, 78, 4, 955-1000
1661–1933: Broadberry, S.N., Guan, Hanhui and David Daokui Li (2018), “China, Europe and the Great Divergence: a Study in Historical National Accounting, 980-1850”, Journal of Economic History, 78, 4, 955-1000
1661–1933: Xu, Y. Z. Shi, B. van Leeuwen, Y Ni, Z Zhang, and Y Ma, (2016) 'Chinese National Income, ca. 1661-1933', Australian Economic History Review 57(3), 368–393
1952–2008: Wu, Harry X. (2014), “China’s growth and productivity performance debate revisited – Accounting for China’s sources of growth with a new data set” The Conference Board Economics Program Working Paper Series EWP#14-01.

No separate list is published for Congo - Kinshasa; the database as a whole is cited above.