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Population, long-run history by country

Annual, Persons, thousands

Source: Maddison Project Database 2023

Population, long-run history: latest observations by country
Date	Italy	Indonesia	Congo - Kinshasa
Dec 31, 1999	56,940	208,105	51,181
Dec 31, 2000	56,966	211,408	52,782
Dec 31, 2001	57,004	214,475	54,453
Dec 31, 2002	57,114	217,516	56,170
Dec 31, 2003	57,423	220,549	57,860
Dec 31, 2004	57,852	224,473	59,599
Dec 31, 2005	58,191	227,534	61,474
Dec 31, 2006	58,424	230,739	63,479
Dec 31, 2007	58,781	233,918	65,590
Dec 31, 2008	59,236	237,056	67,800
Dec 31, 2009	59,580	240,140	70,114
Dec 31, 2010	59,844	243,171	72,550
Dec 31, 2011	60,052	246,150	75,138
Dec 31, 2012	60,216	249,086	77,792
Dec 31, 2013	60,337	251,947	80,534
Dec 31, 2014	60,346	254,702	83,368
Dec 31, 2015	60,255	257,351	86,229
Dec 31, 2016	60,140	259,906	89,193
Dec 31, 2017	60,027	262,379	92,209
Dec 31, 2018	59,902	264,789	95,232
Dec 31, 2019	59,754	267,142	98,320
Dec 31, 2020	59,464	269,437	101,499
Dec 31, 2021	59,158	271,674	104,767
Dec 31, 2022	58,966	273,409	108,171

Source: Bolt, J. and van Zanden, J.L. (2024), Maddison style estimates of the evolution of the world economy: A new 2023 update, Journal of Economic Surveys, 1-41, DOI 10.1111/joes.12618. Licensed under CC BY 4.0. The original sources are listed on each page.

All data sources

Original sources of these estimates

GDP pc: 2008 - 2022: Total Economy Database the Conference Board for all countries included in TED. Otherwise UN national accounts statistics

Italy

1451-1861: Chilosi, D., & Ciccarelli, C. (2023). Italy in the Great Divergence: What Can We Learn from Engel’s Law (SSRN Scholarly Paper 4514091).
1861-1871 (North Italy): Malanima, P. (2010), “The long decline of a leading economy: GDP in central and northern Italy, 1300–1913” European Review of Economic History 15 (2): 169–219.
1871-1990: Baffigi, A. (2011).”Italian National Accounts, 1861-2011”, Banca d’Italia Economic History Working Papers 18.

Indonesia

1815 – 1880 (Java): Van Zanden (2012). “Economic Growth in Java 1815-1939: The Reconstruction of the Historical National Accounts of a Colonial Economy”, Maddison-Project Working Paper WP-3.
1880-2008: Van der Eng, P. (2010). The Sources of Long-Term Economic Growth in Indonesia, 1880-2008”, Explorations in Economic History, 47: 294-309

No separate list is published for Congo - Kinshasa; the database as a whole is cited above.