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Population, long-run history by country

Annual, Persons, thousands

Source: Maddison Project Database 2023

Population, long-run history: latest observations by country
Date	Italy	Oman	Portugal
Dec 31, 1999	56,940	2,348	10,144
Dec 31, 2000	56,966	2,403	10,215
Dec 31, 2001	57,004	2,457	10,288
Dec 31, 2002	57,114	2,510	10,344
Dec 31, 2003	57,423	2,562	10,383
Dec 31, 2004	57,852	2,613	10,408
Dec 31, 2005	58,191	2,663	10,427
Dec 31, 2006	58,424	2,713	10,446
Dec 31, 2007	58,781	2,764	10,467
Dec 31, 2008	59,236	2,816	10,482
Dec 31, 2009	59,580	2,871	10,492
Dec 31, 2010	59,844	2,928	10,497
Dec 31, 2011	60,052	2,986	10,481
Dec 31, 2012	60,216	3,047	10,439
Dec 31, 2013	60,337	3,110	10,382
Dec 31, 2014	60,346	3,174	10,326
Dec 31, 2015	60,255	3,240	10,283
Dec 31, 2016	60,140	3,307	10,251
Dec 31, 2017	60,027	3,375	10,226
Dec 31, 2018	59,902	3,444	10,209
Dec 31, 2019	59,754	3,512	10,212
Dec 31, 2020	59,464	3,582	10,223
Dec 31, 2021	59,158	3,651	10,214
Dec 31, 2022	58,966	3,696	10,200

Source: Bolt, J. and van Zanden, J.L. (2024), Maddison style estimates of the evolution of the world economy: A new 2023 update, Journal of Economic Surveys, 1-41, DOI 10.1111/joes.12618. Licensed under CC BY 4.0. The original sources are listed on each page.

All data sources

Original sources of these estimates

GDP pc: 2008 - 2022: Total Economy Database the Conference Board for all countries included in TED. Otherwise UN national accounts statistics

Italy

1451-1861: Chilosi, D., & Ciccarelli, C. (2023). Italy in the Great Divergence: What Can We Learn from Engel’s Law (SSRN Scholarly Paper 4514091).
1861-1871 (North Italy): Malanima, P. (2010), “The long decline of a leading economy: GDP in central and northern Italy, 1300–1913” European Review of Economic History 15 (2): 169–219.
1871-1990: Baffigi, A. (2011).”Italian National Accounts, 1861-2011”, Banca d’Italia Economic History Working Papers 18.

Portugal

1: Scheidel, W. and Friesen, S. J., ‘The size of the economy and the distribution of income in the Roman Empire’, Journal of Roman Studies, 99 (2009), pp. 61–91
1530–1850: Palma, N., & Reis, J. (2019). From Convergence to Divergence: Portuguese Economic Growth, 1527–1850. The Journal of Economic History, 79(2), 477-506. doi:10.1017/S0022050719000056
1850-1913: Pedro Lains, "How Far Can We Go? Measuring Portuguese Economic Growth (1850-1913)"
1938-1950: R. Janes Cartado and N.E. Sequeira da Rosa, Series Longas as Contas Nacionais Portuguesas 1958-1985, Banco de Portugal, Lisbon,

No separate list is published for Oman; the database as a whole is cited above.