Population, long-run history: compare countries

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Population, long-run history by country

Annual, Persons, thousands

Source: Maddison Project Database 2023

Population, long-run history: latest observations by country
Date	Japan	China	Italy
Dec 31, 1999	126,512	1,248,899	56,940
Dec 31, 2000	126,755	1,258,401	56,966
Dec 31, 2001	127,056	1,267,178	57,004
Dec 31, 2002	127,324	1,275,379	57,114
Dec 31, 2003	127,558	1,283,064	57,423
Dec 31, 2004	127,658	1,290,620	57,852
Dec 31, 2005	127,679	1,298,245	58,191
Dec 31, 2006	127,762	1,305,116	58,424
Dec 31, 2007	127,904	1,311,877	58,781
Dec 31, 2008	127,969	1,318,559	59,236
Dec 31, 2009	127,958	1,324,993	59,580
Dec 31, 2010	127,967	1,331,357	59,844
Dec 31, 2011	127,755	1,339,549	60,052
Dec 31, 2012	127,476	1,349,537	60,216
Dec 31, 2013	127,257	1,357,520	60,337
Dec 31, 2014	127,186	1,366,654	60,346
Dec 31, 2015	127,034	1,373,406	60,255
Dec 31, 2016	126,857	1,382,401	60,140
Dec 31, 2017	126,631	1,390,136	60,027
Dec 31, 2018	126,368	1,395,398	59,902
Dec 31, 2019	126,092	1,400,035	59,754
Dec 31, 2020	125,634	1,402,060	59,464
Dec 31, 2021	125,427	1,402,537	59,158
Dec 31, 2022	124,762	1,401,693	58,966

Source: Bolt, J. and van Zanden, J.L. (2024), Maddison style estimates of the evolution of the world economy: A new 2023 update, Journal of Economic Surveys, 1-41, DOI 10.1111/joes.12618. Licensed under CC BY 4.0. The original sources are listed on each page.

All data sources

Original sources of these estimates

GDP pc: 2008 - 2022: Total Economy Database the Conference Board for all countries included in TED. Otherwise UN national accounts statistics

Japan

724-1874: Bassino, Jean-Pascal & Broadberry, Stephen & Fukao, Kyoji & Gupta, Bishnupriya & Takashima, Masanori, (2018). "Japan and the Great Divergence, 730-1874," CEI Working Paper Series 2018-13, Center for Economic Institutions, Institute of Economic Research, Hitotsubashi University
1874-1940: Fukao, K., Bassino, J.-P., Makino, T., Paprzycki, R., Settsu, T., Takashima, M., and Tokui, J. (2015) Regional Inequality and Industrial Structure in Japan: 1874-2008, Tokyo: Maruzen Publishing.

China

1000-1661: Broadberry, S.N., Guan, Hanhui and David Daokui Li (2018), “China, Europe and the Great Divergence: a Study in Historical National Accounting, 980-1850”, Journal of Economic History, 78, 4, 955-1000
1661–1933: Broadberry, S.N., Guan, Hanhui and David Daokui Li (2018), “China, Europe and the Great Divergence: a Study in Historical National Accounting, 980-1850”, Journal of Economic History, 78, 4, 955-1000
1661–1933: Xu, Y. Z. Shi, B. van Leeuwen, Y Ni, Z Zhang, and Y Ma, (2016) 'Chinese National Income, ca. 1661-1933', Australian Economic History Review 57(3), 368–393
1952–2008: Wu, Harry X. (2014), “China’s growth and productivity performance debate revisited – Accounting for China’s sources of growth with a new data set” The Conference Board Economics Program Working Paper Series EWP#14-01.

Italy

1451-1861: Chilosi, D., & Ciccarelli, C. (2023). Italy in the Great Divergence: What Can We Learn from Engel’s Law (SSRN Scholarly Paper 4514091).
1861-1871 (North Italy): Malanima, P. (2010), “The long decline of a leading economy: GDP in central and northern Italy, 1300–1913” European Review of Economic History 15 (2): 169–219.
1871-1990: Baffigi, A. (2011).”Italian National Accounts, 1861-2011”, Banca d’Italia Economic History Working Papers 18.