Population, long-run history: compare countries

See Population, long-run history for up to four countries side by side.

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Population, long-run history by country

Annual, Persons, thousands

Source: Maddison Project Database 2023

Population, long-run history: latest observations by country
Date	São Tomé & Príncipe	United States	Germany	Italy
Dec 31, 1999	138	279,040	81,439	56,940
Dec 31, 2000	141	282,162	81,474	56,966
Dec 31, 2001	144	284,969	81,534	57,004
Dec 31, 2002	147	287,625	81,595	57,114
Dec 31, 2003	151	290,108	81,566	57,423
Dec 31, 2004	154	292,805	81,473	57,852
Dec 31, 2005	158	295,517	81,354	58,191
Dec 31, 2006	161	298,380	81,190	58,424
Dec 31, 2007	165	301,231	81,009	58,781
Dec 31, 2008	168	304,094	80,781	59,236
Dec 31, 2009	172	306,772	80,500	59,580
Dec 31, 2010	176	309,327	80,301	59,844
Dec 31, 2011	180	311,583	80,292	60,052
Dec 31, 2012	183	313,878	80,443	60,216
Dec 31, 2013	187	316,060	80,663	60,337
Dec 31, 2014	190	318,386	81,000	60,346
Dec 31, 2015	194	320,739	81,704	60,255
Dec 31, 2016	198	323,072	82,366	60,140
Dec 31, 2017	201	325,122	82,674	60,027
Dec 31, 2018	204	326,838	82,923	59,902
Dec 31, 2019	208	328,330	83,110	59,754
Dec 31, 2020	212	331,512	83,178	59,464
Dec 31, 2021	216	332,032	83,213	59,158
Dec 31, 2022	220	333,288	83,811	58,966

Source: Bolt, J. and van Zanden, J.L. (2024), Maddison style estimates of the evolution of the world economy: A new 2023 update, Journal of Economic Surveys, 1-41, DOI 10.1111/joes.12618. Licensed under CC BY 4.0. The original sources are listed on each page.

All data sources

Original sources of these estimates

GDP pc: 2008 - 2022: Total Economy Database the Conference Board for all countries included in TED. Otherwise UN national accounts statistics

United States

1650 - 1790: McCusker, John J., ‘Colonial Statistics’, Historical Statistics of the United States: Earliest Time to the Present, in S. B. Carter, S. S. Gartner, M. R. Haineset al. New York, Cambridge University Press. V-671.
1790 - 1870: Sutch, R. (2006). National Income and Product. Historical Statistics of the United States: Earliest Time to the Present, in S. B. Carter, S. S. Gartner, M. R. Haineset al. New York, Cambridge University Press III-23-25.
1800-1830: Prados de la Escosura, L. (2009). “Lost Decades? Economic Performance in Post-Independence Latin America,” Journal of Latin America Studies 41: 279–307. (updated data)
1820-1950: GDP movement from Maddison (1995a), amended for 1820–70 to include income of the indigenous population (taken to be $400 per capita in 1820 and 1870).

Germany

1500-1850: Pfister, U. (2022). Economic Growth in Germany, 1500–1850. The Journal of Economic History, 82(4), 1071–1107
1850-1950: Hoffmann, Grumbach and Hesse, op. cit., pp. 454-5.

Italy

1451-1861: Chilosi, D., & Ciccarelli, C. (2023). Italy in the Great Divergence: What Can We Learn from Engel’s Law (SSRN Scholarly Paper 4514091).
1861-1871 (North Italy): Malanima, P. (2010), “The long decline of a leading economy: GDP in central and northern Italy, 1300–1913” European Review of Economic History 15 (2): 169–219.
1871-1990: Baffigi, A. (2011).”Italian National Accounts, 1861-2011”, Banca d’Italia Economic History Working Papers 18.

No separate list is published for São Tomé & Príncipe; the database as a whole is cited above.