Population, long-run history: compare countries

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Population, long-run history by country

Annual, Persons, thousands

Source: Maddison Project Database 2023

Population, long-run history: latest observations by country
Date	United States	Germany	Peru	United Kingdom
Dec 31, 1999	279,040	81,439	20,963	58,946
Dec 31, 2000	282,162	81,474	21,291	59,149
Dec 31, 2001	284,969	81,534	21,631	59,377
Dec 31, 2002	287,625	81,595	21,980	59,631
Dec 31, 2003	290,108	81,566	22,339	59,903
Dec 31, 2004	292,805	81,473	22,707	60,217
Dec 31, 2005	295,517	81,354	23,055	60,682
Dec 31, 2006	298,380	81,190	23,380	61,098
Dec 31, 2007	301,231	81,009	23,708	61,593
Dec 31, 2008	304,094	80,781	23,944	62,100
Dec 31, 2009	306,772	80,500	24,087	62,539
Dec 31, 2010	309,327	80,301	24,228	63,040
Dec 31, 2011	311,583	80,292	24,364	63,567
Dec 31, 2012	313,878	80,443	24,491	63,989
Dec 31, 2013	316,060	80,663	24,607	64,392
Dec 31, 2014	318,386	81,000	24,714	64,885
Dec 31, 2015	320,739	81,704	24,812	65,400
Dec 31, 2016	323,072	82,366	24,904	65,941
Dec 31, 2017	325,122	82,674	24,999	66,335
Dec 31, 2018	326,838	82,923	25,403	66,732
Dec 31, 2019	328,330	83,110	25,966	67,095
Dec 31, 2020	331,512	83,178	26,308	67,380
Dec 31, 2021	332,032	83,213	26,508	67,651
Dec 31, 2022	333,288	83,811	26,771	68,093

Source: Bolt, J. and van Zanden, J.L. (2024), Maddison style estimates of the evolution of the world economy: A new 2023 update, Journal of Economic Surveys, 1-41, DOI 10.1111/joes.12618. Licensed under CC BY 4.0. The original sources are listed on each page.

All data sources

Original sources of these estimates

GDP pc: 2008 - 2022: Total Economy Database the Conference Board for all countries included in TED. Otherwise UN national accounts statistics

United States

1650 - 1790: McCusker, John J., ‘Colonial Statistics’, Historical Statistics of the United States: Earliest Time to the Present, in S. B. Carter, S. S. Gartner, M. R. Haineset al. New York, Cambridge University Press. V-671.
1790 - 1870: Sutch, R. (2006). National Income and Product. Historical Statistics of the United States: Earliest Time to the Present, in S. B. Carter, S. S. Gartner, M. R. Haineset al. New York, Cambridge University Press III-23-25.
1800-1830: Prados de la Escosura, L. (2009). “Lost Decades? Economic Performance in Post-Independence Latin America,” Journal of Latin America Studies 41: 279–307. (updated data)
1820-1950: GDP movement from Maddison (1995a), amended for 1820–70 to include income of the indigenous population (taken to be $400 per capita in 1820 and 1870).

Germany

1500-1850: Pfister, U. (2022). Economic Growth in Germany, 1500–1850. The Journal of Economic History, 82(4), 1071–1107
1850-1950: Hoffmann, Grumbach and Hesse, op. cit., pp. 454-5.

Peru

1600–1812: Arroyo Abad, L. and J.L. van Zanden (2016), “Growth under Extractive Institutions? Latin American Per Capita GDP in Colonial Times” Journal of Economic History 76(4): 1182–1215.
1812–1870: Seminario, B. (2015). El Desarrallo de la Economía Peruana en la Era Moderna, Universidad de Pacifico, Lima
1870-1901: Bertola, L and Ocampo, J.A. (2012) The Economic Development of Latin America since Independence. Oxford, Oxford U.P, Table A2
1900-1913: Maddison, A. Monitoring the World Economy, 1995
1913-1941: C.A. Bolona Behr, "Tariff Policies in Peru, 1880-1980", Ph.D. thesis, Oxford University, 1981;
1942-1950: "Cuadros del producto interno bruto en dollares de 1950", CEPAL, Santiago, October 1962, mimeographed;
1945-1950: Series Historicas del Crecimiento de America Latina, CEPAL, Santiago, 1978.

United Kingdom

1: Scheidel, W. and Friesen, S. J., ‘The size of the economy and the distribution of income in the Roman Empire’, Journal of Roman Studies, 99 (2009), pp. 61–91
1252–1700 (England): Broadberry, S.N., B. Campbell, A. Klein, M. Overton and B. van Leeuwen (2015), British Economic Growth 1270-1870 Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
1700–1870: Broadberry, S.N., B. Campbell, A. Klein, M. Overton and B. van Leeuwen (2015), British Economic Growth 1270-1870 Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
1870-1950: C.H. Feinstein, National Income Expenditure and Output of the United Kingdom 1855-1965, Cambridge, 1972