Population, long-run history: compare countries

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Population, long-run history by country

Annual, Persons, thousands

Source: Maddison Project Database 2023

Population, long-run history: latest observations by country
Date	United States	Germany	Eswatini	Peru
Dec 31, 1999	279,040	81,439	1,033	20,963
Dec 31, 2000	282,162	81,474	1,032	21,291
Dec 31, 2001	284,969	81,534	1,030	21,631
Dec 31, 2002	287,625	81,595	1,028	21,980
Dec 31, 2003	290,108	81,566	1,026	22,339
Dec 31, 2004	292,805	81,473	1,025	22,707
Dec 31, 2005	295,517	81,354	1,023	23,055
Dec 31, 2006	298,380	81,190	1,021	23,380
Dec 31, 2007	301,231	81,009	1,019	23,708
Dec 31, 2008	304,094	80,781	1,017	23,944
Dec 31, 2009	306,772	80,500	1,017	24,087
Dec 31, 2010	309,327	80,301	1,019	24,228
Dec 31, 2011	311,583	80,292	1,024	24,364
Dec 31, 2012	313,878	80,443	1,032	24,491
Dec 31, 2013	316,060	80,663	1,041	24,607
Dec 31, 2014	318,386	81,000	1,051	24,714
Dec 31, 2015	320,739	81,704	1,060	24,812
Dec 31, 2016	323,072	82,366	1,069	24,904
Dec 31, 2017	325,122	82,674	1,078	24,999
Dec 31, 2018	326,838	82,923	1,087	25,403
Dec 31, 2019	328,330	83,110	1,096	25,966
Dec 31, 2020	331,512	83,178	1,106	26,308
Dec 31, 2021	332,032	83,213	1,117	26,508
Dec 31, 2022	333,288	83,811	1,126	26,771

Source: Bolt, J. and van Zanden, J.L. (2024), Maddison style estimates of the evolution of the world economy: A new 2023 update, Journal of Economic Surveys, 1-41, DOI 10.1111/joes.12618. Licensed under CC BY 4.0. The original sources are listed on each page.

All data sources

Original sources of these estimates

GDP pc: 2008 - 2022: Total Economy Database the Conference Board for all countries included in TED. Otherwise UN national accounts statistics

United States

1650 - 1790: McCusker, John J., ‘Colonial Statistics’, Historical Statistics of the United States: Earliest Time to the Present, in S. B. Carter, S. S. Gartner, M. R. Haineset al. New York, Cambridge University Press. V-671.
1790 - 1870: Sutch, R. (2006). National Income and Product. Historical Statistics of the United States: Earliest Time to the Present, in S. B. Carter, S. S. Gartner, M. R. Haineset al. New York, Cambridge University Press III-23-25.
1800-1830: Prados de la Escosura, L. (2009). “Lost Decades? Economic Performance in Post-Independence Latin America,” Journal of Latin America Studies 41: 279–307. (updated data)
1820-1950: GDP movement from Maddison (1995a), amended for 1820–70 to include income of the indigenous population (taken to be $400 per capita in 1820 and 1870).

Germany

1500-1850: Pfister, U. (2022). Economic Growth in Germany, 1500–1850. The Journal of Economic History, 82(4), 1071–1107
1850-1950: Hoffmann, Grumbach and Hesse, op. cit., pp. 454-5.

Peru

1600–1812: Arroyo Abad, L. and J.L. van Zanden (2016), “Growth under Extractive Institutions? Latin American Per Capita GDP in Colonial Times” Journal of Economic History 76(4): 1182–1215.
1812–1870: Seminario, B. (2015). El Desarrallo de la Economía Peruana en la Era Moderna, Universidad de Pacifico, Lima
1870-1901: Bertola, L and Ocampo, J.A. (2012) The Economic Development of Latin America since Independence. Oxford, Oxford U.P, Table A2
1900-1913: Maddison, A. Monitoring the World Economy, 1995
1913-1941: C.A. Bolona Behr, "Tariff Policies in Peru, 1880-1980", Ph.D. thesis, Oxford University, 1981;
1942-1950: "Cuadros del producto interno bruto en dollares de 1950", CEPAL, Santiago, October 1962, mimeographed;
1945-1950: Series Historicas del Crecimiento de America Latina, CEPAL, Santiago, 1978.

No separate list is published for Eswatini; the database as a whole is cited above.