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Population, long-run history by country

Annual, Persons, thousands

Source: Maddison Project Database 2023

Population, long-run history: latest observations by country
Date	United States	India	Afghanistan
Dec 31, 1999	279,040	1,000,965	22,206
Dec 31, 2000	282,162	1,018,667	22,461
Dec 31, 2001	284,969	1,036,256	22,507
Dec 31, 2002	287,625	1,053,663	23,600
Dec 31, 2003	290,108	1,070,882	25,005
Dec 31, 2004	292,805	1,087,941	25,698
Dec 31, 2005	295,517	1,104,803	26,335
Dec 31, 2006	298,380	1,121,354	27,154
Dec 31, 2007	301,231	1,137,576	27,387
Dec 31, 2008	304,094	1,153,547	27,706
Dec 31, 2009	306,772	1,169,239	28,484
Dec 31, 2010	309,327	1,184,638	29,121
Dec 31, 2011	311,583	1,199,810	29,758
Dec 31, 2012	313,878	1,214,839	30,420
Dec 31, 2013	316,060	1,229,765	31,108
Dec 31, 2014	318,386	1,244,577	31,823
Dec 31, 2015	320,739	1,259,236	32,564
Dec 31, 2016	323,072	1,273,693	33,332
Dec 31, 2017	325,122	1,287,902	34,125
Dec 31, 2018	326,838	1,301,821	34,941
Dec 31, 2019	328,330	1,315,530	35,972
Dec 31, 2020	331,512	1,329,062	37,034
Dec 31, 2021	332,032	1,339,912	38,127
Dec 31, 2022	333,288	1,349,060	39,252

Source: Bolt, J. and van Zanden, J.L. (2024), Maddison style estimates of the evolution of the world economy: A new 2023 update, Journal of Economic Surveys, 1-41, DOI 10.1111/joes.12618. Licensed under CC BY 4.0. The original sources are listed on each page.

All data sources

Original sources of these estimates

GDP pc: 2008 - 2022: Total Economy Database the Conference Board for all countries included in TED. Otherwise UN national accounts statistics

United States

1650 - 1790: McCusker, John J., ‘Colonial Statistics’, Historical Statistics of the United States: Earliest Time to the Present, in S. B. Carter, S. S. Gartner, M. R. Haineset al. New York, Cambridge University Press. V-671.
1790 - 1870: Sutch, R. (2006). National Income and Product. Historical Statistics of the United States: Earliest Time to the Present, in S. B. Carter, S. S. Gartner, M. R. Haineset al. New York, Cambridge University Press III-23-25.
1800-1830: Prados de la Escosura, L. (2009). “Lost Decades? Economic Performance in Post-Independence Latin America,” Journal of Latin America Studies 41: 279–307. (updated data)
1820-1950: GDP movement from Maddison (1995a), amended for 1820–70 to include income of the indigenous population (taken to be $400 per capita in 1820 and 1870).

India

1600–1870: Broadberry, S.N., Custodis, J. and Gupta, B. (2015), “India and the great divergence: an Anglo-Indian comparison of GDP per capita, 1600–1871” Explorations in Economic History, 55: 58-75.
1870-1900: A. Heston, "National Income", in D. Kumar and M. Desai, Cambridge Economic History of India, vol. 2, Cambridge, 1983, p. 397.
1900-46: A. Maddison, "Alternative Estimates of the Real Product of India, 1900-46", Indian Economic and Social History Review, 22, 2, 1985.
1946-50: A. Maddison, Class Structure and Economic Growth: India and Pakistan Since the Moghuls, Allen and Unwin, London, 1971, p. 169.

No separate list is published for Afghanistan; the database as a whole is cited above.