Population, long-run history: compare countries

See Population, long-run history for up to four countries side by side.

Countries being compared

Add a country

Population, long-run history by country

Annual, Persons, thousands

Source: Maddison Project Database 2023

Population, long-run history: latest observations by country
Date	United States	Peru	Costa Rica
Dec 31, 1999	279,040	20,963	3,785
Dec 31, 2000	282,162	21,291	3,867
Dec 31, 2001	284,969	21,631	3,951
Dec 31, 2002	287,625	21,980	4,021
Dec 31, 2003	290,108	22,339	4,079
Dec 31, 2004	292,805	22,707	4,145
Dec 31, 2005	295,517	23,055	4,212
Dec 31, 2006	298,380	23,380	4,278
Dec 31, 2007	301,231	23,708	4,338
Dec 31, 2008	304,094	23,944	4,400
Dec 31, 2009	306,772	24,087	4,467
Dec 31, 2010	309,327	24,228	4,544
Dec 31, 2011	311,583	24,364	4,587
Dec 31, 2012	313,878	24,491	4,648
Dec 31, 2013	316,060	24,607	4,707
Dec 31, 2014	318,386	24,714	4,768
Dec 31, 2015	320,739	24,812	4,827
Dec 31, 2016	323,072	24,904	4,885
Dec 31, 2017	325,122	24,999	4,942
Dec 31, 2018	326,838	25,403	4,998
Dec 31, 2019	328,330	25,966	5,052
Dec 31, 2020	331,512	26,308	5,105
Dec 31, 2021	332,032	26,508	5,158
Dec 31, 2022	333,288	26,771	5,185

Source: Bolt, J. and van Zanden, J.L. (2024), Maddison style estimates of the evolution of the world economy: A new 2023 update, Journal of Economic Surveys, 1-41, DOI 10.1111/joes.12618. Licensed under CC BY 4.0. The original sources are listed on each page.

All data sources

Original sources of these estimates

GDP pc: 2008 - 2022: Total Economy Database the Conference Board for all countries included in TED. Otherwise UN national accounts statistics

United States

1650 - 1790: McCusker, John J., ‘Colonial Statistics’, Historical Statistics of the United States: Earliest Time to the Present, in S. B. Carter, S. S. Gartner, M. R. Haineset al. New York, Cambridge University Press. V-671.
1790 - 1870: Sutch, R. (2006). National Income and Product. Historical Statistics of the United States: Earliest Time to the Present, in S. B. Carter, S. S. Gartner, M. R. Haineset al. New York, Cambridge University Press III-23-25.
1800-1830: Prados de la Escosura, L. (2009). “Lost Decades? Economic Performance in Post-Independence Latin America,” Journal of Latin America Studies 41: 279–307. (updated data)
1820-1950: GDP movement from Maddison (1995a), amended for 1820–70 to include income of the indigenous population (taken to be $400 per capita in 1820 and 1870).

Peru

1600–1812: Arroyo Abad, L. and J.L. van Zanden (2016), “Growth under Extractive Institutions? Latin American Per Capita GDP in Colonial Times” Journal of Economic History 76(4): 1182–1215.
1812–1870: Seminario, B. (2015). El Desarrallo de la Economía Peruana en la Era Moderna, Universidad de Pacifico, Lima
1870-1901: Bertola, L and Ocampo, J.A. (2012) The Economic Development of Latin America since Independence. Oxford, Oxford U.P, Table A2
1900-1913: Maddison, A. Monitoring the World Economy, 1995
1913-1941: C.A. Bolona Behr, "Tariff Policies in Peru, 1880-1980", Ph.D. thesis, Oxford University, 1981;
1942-1950: "Cuadros del producto interno bruto en dollares de 1950", CEPAL, Santiago, October 1962, mimeographed;
1945-1950: Series Historicas del Crecimiento de America Latina, CEPAL, Santiago, 1978.

No separate list is published for Costa Rica; the database as a whole is cited above.