Population, long-run history: compare countries

See Population, long-run history for up to four countries side by side.

Countries being compared

Add a country

Population, long-run history by country

Annual, Persons, thousands

Source: Maddison Project Database 2023

Population, long-run history: latest observations by country
Date	United States	Portugal	Estonia
Dec 31, 1999	279,040	10,144	1,378
Dec 31, 2000	282,162	10,215	1,400
Dec 31, 2001	284,969	10,288	1,391
Dec 31, 2002	287,625	10,344	1,382
Dec 31, 2003	290,108	10,383	1,374
Dec 31, 2004	292,805	10,408	1,365
Dec 31, 2005	295,517	10,427	1,357
Dec 31, 2006	298,380	10,446	1,349
Dec 31, 2007	301,231	10,467	1,341
Dec 31, 2008	304,094	10,482	1,337
Dec 31, 2009	306,772	10,492	1,334
Dec 31, 2010	309,327	10,497	1,332
Dec 31, 2011	311,583	10,481	1,328
Dec 31, 2012	313,878	10,439	1,324
Dec 31, 2013	316,060	10,382	1,319
Dec 31, 2014	318,386	10,326	1,314
Dec 31, 2015	320,739	10,283	1,312
Dec 31, 2016	323,072	10,251	1,314
Dec 31, 2017	325,122	10,226	1,314
Dec 31, 2018	326,838	10,209	1,318
Dec 31, 2019	328,330	10,212	1,323
Dec 31, 2020	331,512	10,223	1,327
Dec 31, 2021	332,032	10,214	1,329
Dec 31, 2022	333,288	10,200	1,330

Source: Bolt, J. and van Zanden, J.L. (2024), Maddison style estimates of the evolution of the world economy: A new 2023 update, Journal of Economic Surveys, 1-41, DOI 10.1111/joes.12618. Licensed under CC BY 4.0. The original sources are listed on each page.

All data sources

Original sources of these estimates

GDP pc: 2008 - 2022: Total Economy Database the Conference Board for all countries included in TED. Otherwise UN national accounts statistics

United States

1650 - 1790: McCusker, John J., ‘Colonial Statistics’, Historical Statistics of the United States: Earliest Time to the Present, in S. B. Carter, S. S. Gartner, M. R. Haineset al. New York, Cambridge University Press. V-671.
1790 - 1870: Sutch, R. (2006). National Income and Product. Historical Statistics of the United States: Earliest Time to the Present, in S. B. Carter, S. S. Gartner, M. R. Haineset al. New York, Cambridge University Press III-23-25.
1800-1830: Prados de la Escosura, L. (2009). “Lost Decades? Economic Performance in Post-Independence Latin America,” Journal of Latin America Studies 41: 279–307. (updated data)
1820-1950: GDP movement from Maddison (1995a), amended for 1820–70 to include income of the indigenous population (taken to be $400 per capita in 1820 and 1870).

Portugal

1: Scheidel, W. and Friesen, S. J., ‘The size of the economy and the distribution of income in the Roman Empire’, Journal of Roman Studies, 99 (2009), pp. 61–91
1530–1850: Palma, N., & Reis, J. (2019). From Convergence to Divergence: Portuguese Economic Growth, 1527–1850. The Journal of Economic History, 79(2), 477-506. doi:10.1017/S0022050719000056
1850-1913: Pedro Lains, "How Far Can We Go? Measuring Portuguese Economic Growth (1850-1913)"
1938-1950: R. Janes Cartado and N.E. Sequeira da Rosa, Series Longas as Contas Nacionais Portuguesas 1958-1985, Banco de Portugal, Lisbon,

No separate list is published for Estonia; the database as a whole is cited above.