Belgium
Headline economic indicators for Belgium, with the most recent official readings.
- GDP growth, year on year (quarterly) 0.7% +0.00 (+0.0%) Sep 2026
- Inflation rate (monthly) 4.5% +0.30 (+7.1%) Sep 2026
- Central bank policy rate 2.7% +0.25 (+10.4%) Sep 2026
- Unemployment rate (monthly) 6.0% +0.10 (+1.7%) Sep 2026
- 10-year government bond yield (monthly) 4.1% +0.36 (+9.6%) Sep 2026
- Government debt to GDP (quarterly) 110.2% +0.80 (+0.7%) Jun 2026
Prices
| Indicator | Value | Change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|
| Inflation rate · | 2.5% | -0.68 (-21.6%) | |
| Consumer price index · | 145.7 | +3.51 (+2.5%) | |
| Inflation rate (monthly) · | 4.5% | +0.30 (+7.1%) | |
| Harmonised consumer price index · | 141.8 | -0.07 (-0.0%) | |
| House price index (quarterly) · | 159.3 | -1.27 (-0.8%) | |
| House price inflation, year on year (quarterly) · | 2.0% | -1.46 (-42.3%) | |
| Real house price index (quarterly) · | 107.7 | -2.02 (-1.8%) | |
| Real house price growth, year on year (quarterly) · | 0.6% | -0.69 (-54.1%) | |
| Producer prices, year on year (monthly) · | 13.6% | +2.10 (+18.3%) | |
| GDP deflator inflation · | 2.6% | +0.68 (+36.0%) |
GDP
| Indicator | Value | Change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|
| GDP growth rate · | 1.0% | -0.11 (-10.4%) | |
| GDP per capita · | 60,750.27 | +4,168 (+7.4%) | |
| GDP growth, quarter on quarter · | 0.3% | +0.20 (+200.0%) | |
| GDP growth, year on year (quarterly) · | 0.7% | +0.00 (+0.0%) | |
| Industrial production, year on year (monthly) · | -7.1% | -4.00 (-129.0%) | |
| Retail sales volume, year on year (monthly) · | -0.6% | -0.60 | |
| Economic sentiment indicator (monthly) · | 89.0 | +2.20 (+2.5%) | |
| Consumer confidence (monthly) · | -20.9 | -2.60 (-14.2%) | |
| GDP per capita, long-run history · | 41,872 | +901.59 (+2.2%) | |
| GDP · | 725,466,462,859.65 | +54,483,332,241 (+8.1%) | |
| GDP, PPP · | 891,759,752,869 | +11,559,749,461 (+1.3%) | |
| GDP per capita, PPP · | 74,676 | +451.06 (+0.6%) | |
| GDP per capita growth · | 0.3% | -0.15 (-34.5%) | |
| GNI per capita · | 59,500 | +4,210 (+7.6%) | |
| Agriculture to GDP · | 0.7% | -0.06 (-7.8%) | |
| Industry to GDP · | 18.6% | -0.14 (-0.7%) | |
| Manufacturing to GDP · | 11.2% | -0.27 (-2.4%) | |
| Services to GDP · | 71.2% | +0.21 (+0.3%) | |
| Household consumption to GDP · | 52.3% | +0.22 (+0.4%) | |
| Gross capital formation to GDP · | 25.7% | +1.19 (+4.9%) | |
| Gross savings to GDP · | 24.0% | -0.77 (-3.1%) |
Labour
| Indicator | Value | Change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|
| Unemployment rate · | 5.9% | +0.21 (+3.6%) | |
| Unemployment rate (monthly) · | 6.0% | +0.10 (+1.7%) | |
| Labour force participation rate · | 54.3% | -0.26 (-0.5%) | |
| Female labour force participation rate · | 49.8% | -0.19 (-0.4%) | |
| Youth unemployment rate · | 17.8% | +0.43 (+2.5%) | |
| Employment to population ratio · | 51.1% | -0.36 (-0.7%) | |
| Employment in agriculture · | 1.0% | -0.02 (-2.4%) | |
| Employment in industry · | 19.2% | -0.28 (-1.4%) | |
| Employment in services · | 79.8% | +0.30 (+0.4%) |
Money
| Indicator | Value | Change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|
| Central bank policy rate · | 2.7% | +0.25 (+10.4%) | |
| ECB deposit facility rate · | 2.5% | +0.25 (+11.1%) | |
| Real effective exchange rate (monthly) · | 103.4 | -0.08 (-0.1%) | |
| Nominal effective exchange rate (monthly) · | 103.6 | -0.16 (-0.2%) | |
| Private sector credit to GDP (quarterly) · | 173.4% | -1.20 (-0.7%) | |
| Credit-to-GDP gap (quarterly) · | -30.28 pp | +0.55 (+1.8%) | |
| Debt service ratio, private sector (quarterly) · | 16.6% | +0.00 (+0.0%) | |
| Debt service ratio, households (quarterly) · | 7.1% | +0.10 (+1.4%) | |
| Debt service ratio, non-financial corporations (quarterly) · | 34.5% | -0.30 (-0.9%) | |
| Cost of borrowing for house purchase (monthly) · | 3.7% | +0.05 (+1.4%) | |
| Cost of borrowing for corporations (monthly) · | 3.9% | +0.03 (+0.8%) | |
| 10-year government bond yield (monthly) · | 4.1% | +0.36 (+9.6%) | |
| Private sector credit to GDP · | 68.1% | -1.20 (-1.7%) | |
| Stock market capitalization to GDP · | 59.2% | -28.23 (-32.3%) | |
| Bank nonperforming loans · | 2.0% | -0.01 (-0.3%) | |
| Official exchange rate · | 0.88 | -0.04 (-4.2%) |
Trade
| Indicator | Value | Change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|
| Current account to GDP · | -0.2% | -0.88 (-121.4%) | |
| Exports to GDP · | 75.5% | -3.87 (-4.9%) | |
| Imports to GDP · | 77.5% | -2.24 (-2.8%) | |
| Trade to GDP · | 152.9% | -6.11 (-3.8%) | |
| Exports of goods and services · | 547,364,961,669.41 | +15,149,284,951 (+2.8%) | |
| Imports of goods and services · | 562,002,311,236.16 | +27,197,255,722 (+5.1%) | |
| Trade balance, goods and services (annual) · | -3,756,416,971.11 | -4,544,453,139 (-576.7%) | |
| Current account balance (annual) · | -1,127,459,400.79 | -6,009,584,842 (-123.1%) | |
| Foreign direct investment to GDP · | -4.0% | +2.20 (+35.6%) | |
| Remittances received to GDP · | 2.3% | -0.05 (-2.3%) | |
| Total reserves, including gold · | 56,392,530,499.2 | +14,061,762,483 (+33.2%) | |
| Reserves in months of imports · | 1.0 | +0.23 (+28.5%) |
Government
| Indicator | Value | Change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|
| Government debt to GDP (quarterly) · | 110.2% | +0.80 (+0.7%) | |
| Government revenue to GDP · | 37.9% | +0.72 (+1.9%) | |
| Government expense to GDP · | 39.7% | -1.70 (-4.1%) | |
| Tax revenue to GDP · | 23.0% | +0.48 (+2.1%) | |
| Government budget balance to GDP · | -2.7% | +0.24 (+8.2%) | |
| Government consumption to GDP · | 24.0% | +0.21 (+0.9%) | |
| Education spending to GDP · | 6.3% | -0.10 (-1.6%) | |
| Health spending to GDP · | 10.8% | +0.06 (+0.6%) |
Demography
| Indicator | Value | Change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|
| Population · | 11,941,781 | +83,171 (+0.7%) | |
| Population, long-run history · | 11,695 | +101.02 (+0.9%) | |
| Population growth · | 0.7% | +0.03 (+5.0%) | |
| Life expectancy · | 82.3 | -0.10 (-0.1%) | |
| Fertility rate · | 1.44 | -0.03 (-2.0%) | |
| Birth rate · | 9.2 | -0.20 (-2.1%) | |
| Death rate · | 9.5 | +0.10 (+1.1%) | |
| Urban population share · | 87.7% | +0.06 (+0.1%) | |
| Population aged 65 and over · | 21.0% | +0.40 (+2.0%) | |
| Under-five mortality rate · | 3.7 | +0.00 (+0.0%) | |
| Population density · | 388.9 | +2.58 (+0.7%) | |
| Net migration · | 31,989 | -4,254 (-11.7%) | |
| Gini index · | 26.8 | +0.40 (+1.5%) |
Source: Bank for International Settlements (BIS). Translated titles are not official BIS translations.
Source: ECB
Source: ECB euro foreign exchange reference rates
Source: Bolt, J. and van Zanden, J.L. (2024), Maddison style estimates of the evolution of the world economy: A new 2023 update, Journal of Economic Surveys, 1-41, DOI 10.1111/joes.12618. Licensed under CC BY 4.0. The original sources are listed on each page.
Original sources of these estimates
GDP pc: 2008 - 2022: Total Economy Database the Conference Board for all countries included in TED. Otherwise UN national accounts statistics
Belgium
- 1: Scheidel, W. and Friesen, S. J., ‘The size of the economy and the distribution of income in the Roman Empire’, Journal of Roman Studies, 99 (2009), pp. 61–91
- 1500- 1846: Buyst, E. (2011), “Towards Estimates of Long Term Growth in the Southern Low Countries, ca.1500-1846”, Results presented at the Conference on Quantifying Long Run Economic Development, Venice, 22-24 March, 2011
- 1846-1913: J. Gadisseur, "Contribution à l'étude de la production agricole en Belgique de 1846 à 1913", Revue belge d'histoire contemporaine, vol. IV, 1-2, 1973,
- 1913-1950: C. Carbonnelle, "Recherches sur levolution de la production en Belgique de 1900à 1957", Cahiers Economiques de Bruxelles, no. 3, April 1959, p. 358.
Economies nearby
Comparable readings from neighbouring economies.