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Spain

Headline economic indicators for Spain, with the most recent official readings.

Prices

Prices — Spain
Indicator Value Change
Inflation rate · 2.7% -0.10 (-3.6%)
Consumer price index · 135.0 +3.52 (+2.7%)
Inflation rate (monthly) · 5.0% +0.40 (+8.7%)
Harmonised consumer price index · 133.5 +0.83 (+0.6%)
House price index (quarterly) · 144.2 +4.91 (+3.5%)
House price inflation, year on year (quarterly) · 12.8% -0.06 (-0.4%)
Real house price index (quarterly) · 105.2 +3.06 (+3.0%)
Real house price growth, year on year (quarterly) · 9.9% +0.30 (+3.1%)
Producer prices, year on year (monthly) · 14.8% +4.00 (+37.0%)
GDP deflator inflation · 2.9% +0.02 (+0.8%)

GDP

GDP — Spain
Indicator Value Change
GDP growth rate · 2.8% -0.63 (-18.2%)
GDP per capita · 38,627.25 +3,300 (+9.3%)
GDP growth, quarter on quarter · 0.6% -0.10 (-14.3%)
GDP growth, year on year (quarterly) · 2.7% +0.10 (+3.8%)
Industrial production, year on year (monthly) · 1.2% -1.50 (-55.6%)
Retail sales volume, year on year (monthly) · -1.5% -0.90 (-150.0%)
Economic sentiment indicator (monthly) · 105.1 -0.50 (-0.5%)
Consumer confidence (monthly) · -4.4 +0.40 (+8.3%)
GDP per capita, long-run history · 34,123 +1,570 (+4.8%)
GDP · 1,906,453,309,985.88 +180,781,657,244 (+10.5%)
GDP, PPP · 2,954,778,621,730 +118,432,516,807 (+4.2%)
GDP per capita, PPP · 59,868 +1,804 (+3.1%)
GDP per capita growth · 1.8% -0.63 (-26.4%)
GNI per capita · 37,120 +3,570 (+10.6%)
Agriculture to GDP · 2.7% -0.07 (-2.6%)
Industry to GDP · 19.6% +0.12 (+0.6%)
Manufacturing to GDP · 10.6% -0.25 (-2.3%)
Services to GDP · 68.4% -0.55 (-0.8%)
Household consumption to GDP · 55.6% +0.20 (+0.4%)
Gross capital formation to GDP · 21.4% +0.24 (+1.1%)
Gross savings to GDP · 24.3% -0.03 (-0.1%)

Labour

Labour — Spain
Indicator Value Change
Unemployment rate · 10.4% -1.02 (-9.0%)
Unemployment rate (monthly) · 10.3% +0.10 (+1.0%)
Labour force participation rate · 57.4% -0.43 (-0.7%)
Female labour force participation rate · 52.8% -0.37 (-0.7%)
Youth unemployment rate · 24.7% -1.89 (-7.1%)
Employment to population ratio · 51.5% +0.20 (+0.4%)
Employment in agriculture · 3.4% -0.10 (-2.8%)
Employment in industry · 19.9% -0.24 (-1.2%)
Employment in services · 76.8% +0.34 (+0.4%)

Money

Money — Spain
Indicator Value Change
Central bank policy rate · 2.7% +0.25 (+10.4%)
ECB deposit facility rate · 2.5% +0.25 (+11.1%)
Real effective exchange rate (monthly) · 104.0 -0.21 (-0.2%)
Nominal effective exchange rate (monthly) · 106.9 -0.14 (-0.1%)
Private sector credit to GDP (quarterly) · 119.4% -0.04 (-0.0%)
Credit-to-GDP gap (quarterly) · -24.29 pp +2.39 (+9.0%)
Debt service ratio, private sector (quarterly) · 11.7% -0.20 (-1.7%)
Debt service ratio, households (quarterly) · 5.1% +0.00 (+0.0%)
Debt service ratio, non-financial corporations (quarterly) · 32.4% -0.20 (-0.6%)
Cost of borrowing for house purchase (monthly) · 3.0% +0.15 (+5.2%)
Cost of borrowing for corporations (monthly) · 3.6% -0.07 (-1.9%)
10-year government bond yield (monthly) · 3.9% +0.29 (+8.0%)
Private sector credit to GDP · 74.2% -4.13 (-5.3%)
Stock market capitalization to GDP · 68.1% +24.37 (+55.8%)
Bank nonperforming loans · 2.6% -0.29 (-9.9%)
Official exchange rate · 0.88 -0.04 (-4.2%)

Trade

Trade — Spain
Indicator Value Change
Current account to GDP · 2.9% -0.24 (-7.4%)
Exports to GDP · 36.6% -0.42 (-1.1%)
Imports to GDP · 32.8% -0.08 (-0.2%)
Trade to GDP · 69.5% -0.50 (-0.7%)
Exports of goods and services · 698,476,476,631.37 +59,013,672,357 (+9.2%)
Imports of goods and services · 625,571,094,598.82 +57,922,069,665 (+10.2%)
Trade balance, goods and services (annual) · 73,525,905,676.64 +1,607,571,416 (+2.2%)
Current account balance (annual) · 56,169,644,784.7 +1,236,789,267 (+2.3%)
Foreign direct investment to GDP · 1.5% -0.98 (-39.5%)
Remittances received to GDP · 0.4% +0.02 (+4.4%)
Total reserves, including gold · 128,593,472,896.35 +20,819,328,927 (+19.3%)
Reserves in months of imports · 2.0 +0.19 (+10.5%)

Government

Government — Spain
Indicator Value Change
Government debt to GDP · 105.6% -1.75 (-1.6%)
Government debt to GDP (quarterly) · 101.4% +0.00 (+0.0%)
Government revenue to GDP · 29.7% +0.02 (+0.1%)
Government expense to GDP · 34.0% -1.29 (-3.7%)
Tax revenue to GDP · 14.9% -0.07 (-0.4%)
Government budget balance to GDP · -3.2% -0.90 (-39.9%)
Government consumption to GDP · 19.2% -0.10 (-0.5%)
Education spending to GDP · 4.6% -0.23 (-4.7%)
Health spending to GDP · 9.2% -0.46 (-4.7%)

Demography

Demography — Spain
Indicator Value Change
Population · 49,355,143 +506,303 (+1.0%)
Population, long-run history · 47,625 +283.54 (+0.6%)
Population growth · 1.0% +0.01 (+1.0%)
Life expectancy · 83.9 -0.05 (-0.1%)
Fertility rate · 1.10 -0.02 (-1.8%)
Birth rate · 6.5 -0.10 (-1.5%)
Death rate · 8.9 -0.10 (-1.1%)
Urban population share · 80.5% +0.20 (+0.2%)
Population aged 65 and over · 21.6% +0.50 (+2.3%)
Under-five mortality rate · 3.2 +0.00 (+0.0%)
Population density · 97.8 +1.00 (+1.0%)
Net migration · 96,630 -15,044 (-13.5%)
Gini index · 33.4 -0.20 (-0.6%)

Source: Bank for International Settlements (BIS). Translated titles are not official BIS translations.

Source: ECB

Source: ECB euro foreign exchange reference rates

Source: Bolt, J. and van Zanden, J.L. (2024), Maddison style estimates of the evolution of the world economy: A new 2023 update, Journal of Economic Surveys, 1-41, DOI 10.1111/joes.12618. Licensed under CC BY 4.0. The original sources are listed on each page.

All data sources

Original sources of these estimates

GDP pc: 2008 - 2022: Total Economy Database the Conference Board for all countries included in TED. Otherwise UN national accounts statistics

Spain

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Comparable readings from neighbouring economies.