Greece
Headline economic indicators for Greece, with the most recent official readings.
- GDP growth, year on year (quarterly) 1.9% -0.10 (-5.0%) Jun 2026
- Inflation rate (monthly) 5.1% +1.40 (+37.8%) Sep 2026
- Central bank policy rate 2.7% +0.25 (+10.4%) Sep 2026
- Unemployment rate (monthly) 7.6% +0.20 (+2.7%) Sep 2026
- 10-year government bond yield (monthly) 4.2% +0.35 (+9.0%) Sep 2026
- Government debt to GDP (quarterly) 140.8% -2.70 (-1.9%) Jun 2026
Prices
| Indicator | Value | Change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|
| Inflation rate · | 2.5% | -0.26 (-9.5%) | |
| Consumer price index · | 121.7 | +2.95 (+2.5%) | |
| Inflation rate (monthly) · | 5.1% | +1.40 (+37.8%) | |
| Harmonised consumer price index · | 130.2 | +2.43 (+1.9%) | |
| House price index (quarterly) · | 122.4 | +1.57 (+1.3%) | |
| House price inflation, year on year (quarterly) · | 5.5% | -1.08 (-16.4%) | |
| Real house price index (quarterly) · | 95.8 | -1.92 (-2.0%) | |
| Real house price growth, year on year (quarterly) · | 0.5% | -2.98 (-86.9%) | |
| Producer prices, year on year (monthly) · | 20.4% | +5.50 (+36.9%) | |
| GDP deflator inflation · | 2.8% | -0.43 (-13.5%) |
GDP
| Indicator | Value | Change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|
| GDP growth rate · | 2.1% | -0.01 (-0.6%) | |
| GDP per capita · | 26,948.01 | +2,322 (+9.4%) | |
| GDP growth, quarter on quarter · | 0.3% | +0.10 (+50.0%) | |
| GDP growth, year on year (quarterly) · | 1.9% | -0.10 (-5.0%) | |
| Industrial production, year on year (monthly) · | 6.0% | +7.00 (+700.0%) | |
| Retail sales volume, year on year (monthly) · | 6.1% | +1.00 (+19.6%) | |
| Economic sentiment indicator (monthly) · | 106.9 | -0.70 (-0.7%) | |
| Consumer confidence (monthly) · | -48.9 | -7.30 (-17.5%) | |
| GDP per capita, long-run history · | 25,284 | +1,552 (+6.5%) | |
| GDP · | 280,635,521,324.44 | +24,397,149,546 (+9.5%) | |
| GDP, PPP · | 471,373,929,531 | +11,769,216,920 (+2.6%) | |
| GDP per capita, PPP · | 45,264 | +1,093 (+2.5%) | |
| GDP per capita growth · | 2.0% | -0.12 (-5.8%) | |
| GNI per capita · | 25,360 | +2,630 (+11.6%) | |
| Agriculture to GDP · | 3.6% | -0.20 (-5.2%) | |
| Industry to GDP · | 15.2% | +0.22 (+1.5%) | |
| Manufacturing to GDP · | 9.1% | +0.01 (+0.1%) | |
| Services to GDP · | 67.4% | -0.56 (-0.8%) | |
| Household consumption to GDP · | 69.0% | +0.38 (+0.5%) | |
| Gross capital formation to GDP · | 17.2% | -1.05 (-5.7%) | |
| Gross savings to GDP · | 11.4% | +0.62 (+5.8%) |
Labour
| Indicator | Value | Change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|
| Unemployment rate · | 8.5% | -1.48 (-14.8%) | |
| Unemployment rate (monthly) · | 7.6% | +0.20 (+2.7%) | |
| Labour force participation rate · | 52.0% | -0.38 (-0.7%) | |
| Female labour force participation rate · | 44.7% | -0.36 (-0.8%) | |
| Youth unemployment rate · | 21.4% | -0.99 (-4.4%) | |
| Employment to population ratio · | 47.5% | +0.43 (+0.9%) | |
| Employment in agriculture · | 10.7% | -0.31 (-2.8%) | |
| Employment in industry · | 16.3% | -0.04 (-0.2%) | |
| Employment in services · | 73.0% | +0.35 (+0.5%) |
Money
| Indicator | Value | Change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|
| Central bank policy rate · | 2.7% | +0.25 (+10.4%) | |
| ECB deposit facility rate · | 2.5% | +0.25 (+11.1%) | |
| Real effective exchange rate (monthly) · | 102.7 | +1.50 (+1.5%) | |
| Nominal effective exchange rate (monthly) · | 111.1 | -0.16 (-0.1%) | |
| Private sector credit to GDP (quarterly) · | 96.7% | -0.65 (-0.7%) | |
| Credit-to-GDP gap (quarterly) · | -18.10 pp | +0.53 (+2.9%) | |
| Cost of borrowing for house purchase (monthly) · | 3.3% | +0.03 (+0.9%) | |
| Cost of borrowing for corporations (monthly) · | 4.4% | +0.08 (+1.8%) | |
| 10-year government bond yield (monthly) · | 4.2% | +0.35 (+9.0%) | |
| Private sector credit to GDP · | 48.5% | -0.67 (-1.4%) | |
| Stock market capitalization to GDP · | 46.0% | +13.49 (+41.5%) | |
| Bank nonperforming loans · | 3.0% | -0.51 (-14.8%) | |
| Official exchange rate · | 0.88 | -0.04 (-4.2%) |
Trade
| Indicator | Value | Change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|
| Current account to GDP · | -5.6% | +1.50 (+21.1%) | |
| Exports to GDP · | 39.5% | -2.65 (-6.3%) | |
| Imports to GDP · | 44.0% | -3.67 (-7.7%) | |
| Trade to GDP · | 83.5% | -6.32 (-7.0%) | |
| Exports of goods and services · | 110,743,741,990.48 | +2,837,463,130 (+2.6%) | |
| Imports of goods and services · | 123,451,154,937.68 | +1,315,520,354 (+1.1%) | |
| Trade balance, goods and services (annual) · | -11,916,612,207.5 | +2,010,785,806 (+14.4%) | |
| Current account balance (annual) · | -15,733,157,185.17 | +2,484,118,673 (+13.6%) | |
| Foreign direct investment to GDP · | 4.8% | +2.21 (+83.8%) | |
| Remittances received to GDP · | 0.2% | -0.01 (-5.2%) | |
| Total reserves, including gold · | 24,047,515,202.45 | +8,825,765,007 (+58.0%) | |
| Reserves in months of imports · | 2.0 | +0.74 (+57.5%) |
Government
| Indicator | Value | Change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|
| Government debt to GDP (quarterly) · | 140.8% | -2.70 (-1.9%) | |
| Government revenue to GDP · | 44.8% | +1.36 (+3.1%) | |
| Government expense to GDP · | 47.3% | -3.50 (-6.9%) | |
| Tax revenue to GDP · | 27.4% | +0.89 (+3.4%) | |
| Government budget balance to GDP · | 1.2% | +2.39 (+203.6%) | |
| Government consumption to GDP · | 18.2% | -0.35 (-1.9%) | |
| Education spending to GDP · | 3.4% | -0.18 (-4.9%) | |
| Health spending to GDP · | 8.4% | -0.06 (-0.7%) |
Demography
| Indicator | Value | Change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|
| Population · | 10,413,962 | +8,828 (+0.1%) | |
| Population, long-run history · | 10,437 | -61.56 (-0.6%) | |
| Population growth · | 0.1% | +0.11 (+498.1%) | |
| Life expectancy · | 81.8 | +0.10 (+0.1%) | |
| Fertility rate · | 1.24 | -0.02 (-1.6%) | |
| Birth rate · | 6.6 | -0.20 (-2.9%) | |
| Death rate · | 12.1 | -0.10 (-0.8%) | |
| Urban population share · | 79.2% | +0.23 (+0.3%) | |
| Population aged 65 and over · | 24.4% | +0.46 (+1.9%) | |
| Under-five mortality rate · | 3.8 | -0.10 (-2.6%) | |
| Population density · | 80.7 | -0.02 (-0.0%) | |
| Net migration · | 16,636 | +139,408 (+113.6%) | |
| Gini index · | 33.4 | +0.00 (+0.0%) |
Source: Bank for International Settlements (BIS). Translated titles are not official BIS translations.
Source: ECB
Source: ECB euro foreign exchange reference rates
Source: Bolt, J. and van Zanden, J.L. (2024), Maddison style estimates of the evolution of the world economy: A new 2023 update, Journal of Economic Surveys, 1-41, DOI 10.1111/joes.12618. Licensed under CC BY 4.0. The original sources are listed on each page.
Original sources of these estimates
GDP pc: 2008 - 2022: Total Economy Database the Conference Board for all countries included in TED. Otherwise UN national accounts statistics
Greece
- 1: Scheidel, W. and Friesen, S. J., ‘The size of the economy and the distribution of income in the Roman Empire’, Journal of Roman Studies, 99 (2009), pp. 61–91
- 1833-1913: Kostelenos G., S. Petmezas, D. Vasiliou, E. Kounaris and M. Sfakianakis, (2007), "Gross Domestic Product 1830-1939", Sources of Economic History of Modern Greece: Quantitative data and statistical series 1830-1939, Historical Archives of the National Bank of Greece, Athens.
- 1913-1929: C. Clark, Conditions of Economic Progress, 3rd edition, Macmillan, London, 1957; 1929-38 GNP at factor cost from Ekonomikos Tachydromos, 22 May 1954; 1938-50 from OEEC, Europe and the World Economy, Paris 1960, p.116.
- 1929-1950: Maddison, A. Monitoring the World Economy, 1995
Economies nearby
Comparable readings from neighbouring economies.