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Poland

Headline economic indicators for Poland, with the most recent official readings.

Prices

Prices — Poland
Indicator Value Change
Inflation rate · 3.8% +0.02 (+0.6%)
Consumer price index · 170.4 +6.26 (+3.8%)
Inflation rate (monthly) · 4.0% +0.50 (+14.3%)
Harmonised consumer price index · 160.2 +1.04 (+0.7%)
House price index (quarterly) · 213.9 +4.80 (+2.3%)
House price inflation, year on year (quarterly) · 6.0% +1.62 (+37.4%)
Real house price index (quarterly) · 122.9 +1.17 (+1.0%)
Real house price growth, year on year (quarterly) · 3.5% +1.69 (+94.8%)
Producer prices, year on year (monthly) · 6.4% +2.10 (+48.8%)
GDP deflator inflation · 2.9% -0.92 (-24.0%)

GDP

GDP — Poland
Indicator Value Change
GDP growth rate · 3.6% +0.54 (+18.0%)
GDP per capita · 28,419.58 +3,316 (+13.2%)
GDP growth, quarter on quarter · 1.1% +0.50 (+83.3%)
GDP growth, year on year (quarterly) · 4.0% +0.40 (+11.1%)
Industrial production, year on year (monthly) · 4.0% +2.20 (+122.2%)
Retail sales volume, year on year (monthly) · 2.2% -0.20 (-8.3%)
Economic sentiment indicator (monthly) · 99.0 +0.20 (+0.2%)
Consumer confidence (monthly) · -15.7 -1.70 (-12.1%)
GDP per capita, long-run history · 32,468 +1,781 (+5.8%)
GDP · 1,035,491,784,197.44 +117,724,678,051 (+12.8%)
GDP, PPP · 1,977,097,411,146 +102,979,342,845 (+5.5%)
GDP per capita, PPP · 54,262 +3,000 (+5.9%)
GDP per capita growth · 3.9% +0.53 (+15.8%)
GNI per capita · 25,520 +3,930 (+18.2%)
Agriculture to GDP · 2.5% -0.09 (-3.4%)
Industry to GDP · 25.8% -1.41 (-5.2%)
Manufacturing to GDP · 15.0% -1.03 (-6.4%)
Services to GDP · 59.7% +0.59 (+1.0%)
Household consumption to GDP · 57.9% +0.55 (+1.0%)
Gross capital formation to GDP · 17.9% +0.08 (+0.5%)
Gross savings to GDP · 17.1% -1.03 (-5.7%)

Labour

Labour — Poland
Indicator Value Change
Unemployment rate · 3.0% +0.17 (+6.0%)
Unemployment rate (monthly) · 3.4% +0.00 (+0.0%)
Labour force participation rate · 58.3% -0.34 (-0.6%)
Female labour force participation rate · 51.6% -0.30 (-0.6%)
Youth unemployment rate · 10.7% +0.04 (+0.3%)
Employment to population ratio · 56.6% -0.43 (-0.8%)
Employment in agriculture · 6.2% -0.28 (-4.3%)
Employment in industry · 30.0% -0.17 (-0.6%)
Employment in services · 63.8% +0.45 (+0.7%)

Money

Money — Poland
Indicator Value Change
Central bank policy rate · 3.8% -0.25 (-6.3%)
Real effective exchange rate (monthly) · 125.5 -1.07 (-0.8%)
Nominal effective exchange rate (monthly) · 109.6 -1.23 (-1.1%)
Private sector credit to GDP (quarterly) · 57.1% +0.27 (+0.5%)
Credit-to-GDP gap (quarterly) · -15.62 pp +1.24 (+7.4%)
Debt service ratio, private sector (quarterly) · 6.3% +0.00 (+0.0%)
10-year government bond yield (monthly) · 6.2% +0.42 (+7.2%)
Broad money to GDP · 67.8% +1.41 (+2.1%)
Private sector credit to GDP · 33.6% -1.12 (-3.2%)
Stock market capitalization to GDP · 30.6% +9.06 (+42.1%)
Bank nonperforming loans · 1.6% -0.19 (-10.7%)
Official exchange rate · 3.76 -0.22 (-5.5%)

Trade

Trade — Poland
Indicator Value Change
Current account to GDP · -1.0% -1.26 (-413.0%)
Exports to GDP · 50.0% -2.23 (-4.3%)
Imports to GDP · 47.1% -1.10 (-2.3%)
Trade to GDP · 97.0% -3.33 (-3.3%)
Exports of goods and services · 517,233,997,757.26 +38,344,834,398 (+8.0%)
Imports of goods and services · 487,505,567,677.64 +45,328,776,674 (+10.3%)
Trade balance, goods and services (annual) · 29,158,000,000 -7,526,000,000 (-20.5%)
Current account balance (annual) · -9,872,000,000 -12,667,000,000 (-453.2%)
Foreign direct investment to GDP · 2.0% -0.22 (-9.9%)
Remittances received to GDP · 0.9% -0.03 (-3.5%)
Total reserves, including gold · 271,805,173,253.09 +48,690,263,449 (+21.8%)
Reserves in months of imports · 5.9 +0.49 (+9.2%)

Government

Government — Poland
Indicator Value Change
Government debt to GDP · 60.5% unchanged
Government debt to GDP (quarterly) · 64.5% +2.90 (+4.7%)
Government revenue to GDP · 35.9% +0.29 (+0.8%)
Government expense to GDP · 39.1% +3.03 (+8.4%)
Tax revenue to GDP · 17.4% -0.61 (-3.4%)
Government budget balance to GDP · -6.9% -2.39 (-53.5%)
Government consumption to GDP · 21.3% +0.50 (+2.4%)
Education spending to GDP · 4.3% -0.31 (-6.6%)
Health spending to GDP · 8.1% +0.93 (+13.0%)

Demography

Demography — Poland
Indicator Value Change
Population · 36,435,861 -123,372 (-0.3%)
Population, long-run history · 37,914 -335.77 (-0.9%)
Population growth · -0.3% +0.01 (+3.4%)
Life expectancy · 78.4 +0.15 (+0.2%)
Fertility rate · 1.14 -0.06 (-5.0%)
Birth rate · 6.9 -0.50 (-6.8%)
Death rate · 11.2 +0.10 (+0.9%)
Urban population share · 60.1% +0.11 (+0.2%)
Population aged 65 and over · 20.8% +0.61 (+3.0%)
Under-five mortality rate · 4.2 -0.10 (-2.3%)
Population density · 119.4 -0.34 (-0.3%)
Net migration · -330,820 -92,758 (-39.0%)
Gini index · 28.5 -0.40 (-1.4%)

Source: Bank for International Settlements (BIS). Translated titles are not official BIS translations.

Source: Bolt, J. and van Zanden, J.L. (2024), Maddison style estimates of the evolution of the world economy: A new 2023 update, Journal of Economic Surveys, 1-41, DOI 10.1111/joes.12618. Licensed under CC BY 4.0. The original sources are listed on each page.

All data sources

Original sources of these estimates

GDP pc: 2008 - 2022: Total Economy Database the Conference Board for all countries included in TED. Otherwise UN national accounts statistics

Poland

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