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Rwanda

Headline economic indicators for Rwanda, with the most recent official readings.

Prices

Prices — Rwanda
Indicator Value Change
Inflation rate · 5.9% +4.14 (+234.0%)
Consumer price index · 251.2 +14.02 (+5.9%)
GDP deflator inflation · 7.4% -0.79 (-9.7%)

GDP

GDP — Rwanda
Indicator Value Change
GDP growth rate · 9.4% +2.15 (+29.7%)
GDP per capita · 1,123.74 +63.80 (+6.0%)
GDP per capita, long-run history · 2,198 +91.09 (+4.3%)
GDP · 16,372,132,990.23 +1,261,068,808 (+8.3%)
GDP, PPP · 60,673,096,983 +6,712,519,101 (+12.4%)
GDP per capita, PPP · 4,164 +379.47 (+10.0%)
GDP per capita growth · 7.0% +2.07 (+41.8%)
GNI per capita · 1,150 +80.00 (+7.5%)
Agriculture to GDP · 20.3% -0.49 (-2.4%)
Industry to GDP · 22.0% -0.03 (-0.1%)
Manufacturing to GDP · 8.3% +0.19 (+2.4%)
Services to GDP · 52.3% +0.13 (+0.3%)
Household consumption to GDP · 64.4% +0.99 (+1.6%)
Gross capital formation to GDP · 34.1% -0.60 (-1.7%)
Gross savings to GDP · 22.8% -0.30 (-1.3%)

Labour

Labour — Rwanda
Indicator Value Change
Unemployment rate · 11.4% +0.03 (+0.3%)
Labour force participation rate · 63.7% +0.16 (+0.3%)
Female labour force participation rate · 57.3% +0.21 (+0.4%)
Youth unemployment rate · 16.4% -0.15 (-0.9%)
Employment to population ratio · 56.4% +0.12 (+0.2%)
Employment in agriculture · 35.1% -1.45 (-4.0%)
Employment in industry · 18.4% +0.29 (+1.6%)
Employment in services · 46.5% +1.16 (+2.6%)

Money

Money — Rwanda
Indicator Value Change
Real interest rate · 7.3% +3.39 (+87.1%)
Broad money to GDP · 26.1% +0.62 (+2.4%)
Private sector credit to GDP · 22.1% +0.76 (+3.6%)
Lending rate · 16.0% -0.04 (-0.3%)
Bank deposit rate · 10.3% +0.68 (+7.0%)
Stock market capitalization to GDP · 19.6% +1.33 (+7.3%)
Bank nonperforming loans · 4.2% -0.46 (-9.9%)
Official exchange rate · 1,428.48 +110.35 (+8.4%)

Trade

Trade — Rwanda
Indicator Value Change
Current account to GDP · -12.0% -0.84 (-7.5%)
Exports to GDP · 21.6% -6.87 (-24.2%)
Imports to GDP · 35.1% -8.15 (-18.8%)
Trade to GDP · 56.7% -15.01 (-20.9%)
Exports of goods and services · 3,528,969,299.26 -765,781,019 (-17.8%)
Imports of goods and services · 5,749,666,891.75 -788,222,199 (-12.1%)
Trade balance, goods and services (annual) · -2,254,281,968.55 +13,538,327 (+0.6%)
Current account balance (annual) · -1,807,568,338.07 -160,345,557 (-9.7%)
Foreign direct investment to GDP · 5.9% +2.12 (+55.9%)
Remittances received to GDP · 3.4% -0.08 (-2.2%)
Total reserves, including gold · 1,962,663,787.86 -443,801,403 (-18.4%)
Reserves in months of imports · 4.2 +0.58 (+16.1%)
External debt to GNI · 93.9% +12.87 (+15.9%)

Government

Government — Rwanda
Indicator Value Change
Government debt to GDP · 48.4% +0.57 (+1.2%)
Government revenue to GDP · 18.1% -0.53 (-2.8%)
Government expense to GDP · 18.0% -0.97 (-5.1%)
Tax revenue to GDP · 12.7% -0.38 (-2.9%)
Government budget balance to GDP · -4.1% -0.09 (-2.3%)
Government consumption to GDP · 15.1% -1.68 (-10.0%)
Education spending to GDP · 4.6% -0.31 (-6.2%)
Health spending to GDP · 5.1% -0.80 (-13.5%)

Demography

Demography — Rwanda
Indicator Value Change
Population · 14,569,341 +312,774 (+2.2%)
Population, long-run history · 12,951 +295.93 (+2.3%)
Population growth · 2.2% +0.03 (+1.3%)
Life expectancy · 68.0 +0.23 (+0.3%)
Fertility rate · 3.65 -0.05 (-1.4%)
Birth rate · 28.1 -0.29 (-1.0%)
Death rate · 5.9 -0.04 (-0.7%)
Urban population share · 30.9% +1.03 (+3.4%)
Population aged 65 and over · 4.0% +0.10 (+2.5%)
Under-five mortality rate · 37.7 -1.10 (-2.8%)
Population density · 599.9 +12.89 (+2.2%)
Net migration · 6,282 +21,864 (+140.3%)
Gini index · 39.4 -4.30 (-9.8%)

Source: Bolt, J. and van Zanden, J.L. (2024), Maddison style estimates of the evolution of the world economy: A new 2023 update, Journal of Economic Surveys, 1-41, DOI 10.1111/joes.12618. Licensed under CC BY 4.0. The original sources are listed on each page.

All data sources

Original sources of these estimates

GDP pc: 2008 - 2022: Total Economy Database the Conference Board for all countries included in TED. Otherwise UN national accounts statistics

No separate list is published for Rwanda; the database as a whole is cited above.

Economies nearby

Comparable readings from neighbouring economies.