Estonia
Headline economic indicators for Estonia, with the most recent official readings.
- GDP growth, year on year (quarterly) 2.2% +0.40 (+22.2%) Sep 2026
- Inflation rate (monthly) 3.1% +1.80 (+138.5%) Sep 2026
- Central bank policy rate 2.7% +0.25 (+10.4%) Sep 2026
- Unemployment rate (monthly) 8.0% +0.20 (+2.6%) Sep 2026
- 10-year government bond yield (monthly) 4.1% +0.26 (+6.8%) Sep 2026
- Government debt to GDP (quarterly) 26.1% +1.10 (+4.4%) Jun 2026
Prices
| Indicator | Value | Change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|
| Inflation rate · | 4.8% | +1.31 (+37.1%) | |
| Consumer price index · | 180.0 | +8.29 (+4.8%) | |
| Inflation rate (monthly) · | 3.1% | +1.80 (+138.5%) | |
| Harmonised consumer price index · | 169.3 | +1.07 (+0.6%) | |
| House price index (quarterly) · | 357.9 | +11.70 (+3.4%) | |
| House price inflation, year on year (quarterly) · | 5.9% | +0.40 (+7.2%) | |
| Real house price index (quarterly) · | 195.5 | +4.32 (+2.3%) | |
| Real house price growth, year on year (quarterly) · | 2.4% | +1.42 (+142.4%) | |
| Producer prices, year on year (monthly) · | 4.2% | +0.90 (+27.3%) | |
| GDP deflator inflation · | 3.8% | -0.15 (-3.7%) |
GDP
| Indicator | Value | Change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|
| GDP growth rate · | 0.6% | +0.67 (+748.9%) | |
| GDP per capita · | 34,417.63 | +2,989 (+9.5%) | |
| GDP growth, quarter on quarter · | 0.6% | +0.30 (+100.0%) | |
| GDP growth, year on year (quarterly) · | 2.2% | +0.40 (+22.2%) | |
| Industrial production, year on year (monthly) · | 4.5% | +2.40 (+114.3%) | |
| Retail sales volume, year on year (monthly) · | 4.0% | -2.00 (-33.3%) | |
| Economic sentiment indicator (monthly) · | 89.7 | -1.30 (-1.4%) | |
| Consumer confidence (monthly) · | -32.5 | -2.80 (-9.4%) | |
| GDP per capita, long-run history · | 30,067 | -431.76 (-1.4%) | |
| GDP · | 47,030,833,798.59 | +3,900,413,969 (+9.0%) | |
| GDP, PPP · | 71,200,875,880 | +2,040,696,348 (+3.0%) | |
| GDP per capita, PPP · | 52,106 | +1,710 (+3.4%) | |
| GDP per capita growth · | 1.0% | +1.26 (+524.0%) | |
| GNI per capita · | 32,310 | +3,430 (+11.9%) | |
| Agriculture to GDP · | 1.6% | -0.12 (-6.8%) | |
| Industry to GDP · | 19.7% | -0.42 (-2.1%) | |
| Manufacturing to GDP · | 10.8% | -0.05 (-0.5%) | |
| Services to GDP · | 65.8% | +0.13 (+0.2%) | |
| Household consumption to GDP · | 52.7% | -0.75 (-1.4%) | |
| Gross capital formation to GDP · | 24.8% | +0.29 (+1.2%) | |
| Gross savings to GDP · | 24.7% | +0.76 (+3.2%) |
Labour
| Indicator | Value | Change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|
| Unemployment rate · | 8.3% | +0.71 (+9.4%) | |
| Unemployment rate (monthly) · | 8.0% | +0.20 (+2.6%) | |
| Labour force participation rate · | 65.1% | -0.32 (-0.5%) | |
| Female labour force participation rate · | 61.0% | -0.27 (-0.4%) | |
| Youth unemployment rate · | 19.7% | +0.44 (+2.3%) | |
| Employment to population ratio · | 59.7% | -0.76 (-1.3%) | |
| Employment in agriculture · | 3.0% | -0.11 (-3.6%) | |
| Employment in industry · | 26.0% | -0.46 (-1.7%) | |
| Employment in services · | 71.0% | +0.57 (+0.8%) |
Money
| Indicator | Value | Change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|
| Central bank policy rate · | 2.7% | +0.25 (+10.4%) | |
| ECB deposit facility rate · | 2.5% | +0.25 (+11.1%) | |
| Real effective exchange rate (monthly) · | 121.5 | +0.58 (+0.5%) | |
| Nominal effective exchange rate (monthly) · | 104.1 | +0.09 (+0.1%) | |
| Cost of borrowing for house purchase (monthly) · | 4.3% | +0.03 (+0.7%) | |
| Cost of borrowing for corporations (monthly) · | 4.7% | -0.26 (-5.3%) | |
| 10-year government bond yield (monthly) · | 4.1% | +0.26 (+6.8%) | |
| Private sector credit to GDP · | 60.5% | +2.87 (+5.0%) | |
| Bank nonperforming loans · | 1.3% | +0.14 (+11.7%) | |
| Official exchange rate · | 0.88 | -0.04 (-4.2%) |
Trade
| Indicator | Value | Change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|
| Current account to GDP · | 0.4% | +2.05 (+122.5%) | |
| Exports to GDP · | 78.4% | +2.69 (+3.6%) | |
| Imports to GDP · | 77.4% | +2.03 (+2.7%) | |
| Trade to GDP · | 155.8% | +4.72 (+3.1%) | |
| Exports of goods and services · | 36,854,468,950.54 | +4,217,903,111 (+12.9%) | |
| Imports of goods and services · | 36,400,718,571.86 | +3,894,089,261 (+12.0%) | |
| Trade balance, goods and services (annual) · | 515,427,722.29 | +546,581,765 (+1,754.4%) | |
| Current account balance (annual) · | 176,842,321.47 | +896,757,650 (+124.6%) | |
| Foreign direct investment to GDP · | -2.2% | +5.73 (+72.3%) | |
| Remittances received to GDP · | 1.1% | -0.01 (-0.9%) | |
| Total reserves, including gold · | 2,438,823,527.16 | +364,318,374 (+17.6%) | |
| Reserves in months of imports · | 0.7 | +0.05 (+7.7%) |
Government
| Indicator | Value | Change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|
| Government debt to GDP (quarterly) · | 26.1% | +1.10 (+4.4%) | |
| Government revenue to GDP · | 38.3% | +2.07 (+5.7%) | |
| Government expense to GDP · | 37.7% | +2.27 (+6.4%) | |
| Tax revenue to GDP · | 22.7% | +1.28 (+6.0%) | |
| Government budget balance to GDP · | -1.3% | +0.85 (+39.0%) | |
| Government consumption to GDP · | 21.5% | +0.42 (+2.0%) | |
| Education spending to GDP · | 5.2% | -0.01 (-0.1%) | |
| Health spending to GDP · | 7.8% | +0.37 (+4.9%) |
Demography
| Indicator | Value | Change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|
| Population · | 1,366,475 | -5,866 (-0.4%) | |
| Population, long-run history · | 1,330 | +1.73 (+0.1%) | |
| Population growth · | -0.4% | -0.58 (-385.8%) | |
| Life expectancy · | 79.3 | +0.50 (+0.6%) | |
| Fertility rate · | 1.18 | -0.13 (-9.9%) | |
| Birth rate · | 7.1 | -0.90 (-11.3%) | |
| Death rate · | 11.5 | -0.20 (-1.7%) | |
| Urban population share · | 70.7% | +0.02 (+0.0%) | |
| Population aged 65 and over · | 21.8% | +0.50 (+2.4%) | |
| Under-five mortality rate · | 2.0 | -0.10 (-4.8%) | |
| Population density · | 32.1 | +0.05 (+0.1%) | |
| Net migration · | -13,350 | -5,608 (-72.4%) | |
| Gini index · | 30.7 | -1.60 (-5.0%) |
Source: Bank for International Settlements (BIS). Translated titles are not official BIS translations.
Source: ECB
Source: ECB euro foreign exchange reference rates
Source: Bolt, J. and van Zanden, J.L. (2024), Maddison style estimates of the evolution of the world economy: A new 2023 update, Journal of Economic Surveys, 1-41, DOI 10.1111/joes.12618. Licensed under CC BY 4.0. The original sources are listed on each page.
Original sources of these estimates
GDP pc: 2008 - 2022: Total Economy Database the Conference Board for all countries included in TED. Otherwise UN national accounts statistics
No separate list is published for Estonia; the database as a whole is cited above.
Economies nearby
Comparable readings from neighbouring economies.