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Romania

Headline economic indicators for Romania, with the most recent official readings.

Prices

Prices — Romania
Indicator Value Change
Inflation rate · 7.2% +1.47 (+25.7%)
Consumer price index · 190.0 +12.74 (+7.2%)
Inflation rate (monthly) · 6.5% +0.20 (+3.2%)
Harmonised consumer price index · 174.8 +1.31 (+0.8%)
House price index (quarterly) · 145.6 +4.18 (+3.0%)
House price inflation, year on year (quarterly) · 7.4% +0.45 (+6.4%)
Real house price index (quarterly) · 72.4 +0.81 (+1.1%)
Real house price growth, year on year (quarterly) · -2.0% +0.53 (+20.9%)
Producer prices, year on year (monthly) · 11.8% +3.00 (+34.1%)
GDP deflator inflation · 8.2% -1.38 (-14.4%)

GDP

GDP — Romania
Indicator Value Change
GDP growth rate · 0.7% -0.24 (-26.0%)
GDP per capita · 22,537.95 +2,458 (+12.2%)
GDP growth, quarter on quarter · 0.0% +0.10 (+100.0%)
GDP growth, year on year (quarterly) · -1.9% -0.50 (-35.7%)
Industrial production, year on year (monthly) · -2.6% +3.60 (+58.1%)
Retail sales volume, year on year (monthly) · 1.2% +7.60 (+118.8%)
Economic sentiment indicator (monthly) · 91.6 -0.60 (-0.7%)
Consumer confidence (monthly) · -33.2 -0.70 (-2.2%)
GDP per capita, long-run history · 26,198 +95.32 (+0.4%)
GDP · 428,677,977,854.83 +46,113,759,866 (+12.1%)
GDP, PPP · 968,038,244,935 +33,038,314,259 (+3.5%)
GDP per capita, PPP · 50,895 +1,818 (+3.7%)
GDP per capita growth · 0.8% -0.12 (-12.5%)
GNI per capita · 20,190 +2,590 (+14.7%)
Agriculture to GDP · 3.0% +0.19 (+6.7%)
Industry to GDP · 25.3% +0.09 (+0.4%)
Manufacturing to GDP · 11.8% -1.37 (-10.4%)
Services to GDP · 61.7% -0.81 (-1.3%)
Household consumption to GDP · 62.0% -0.45 (-0.7%)
Gross capital formation to GDP · 25.9% +0.90 (+3.6%)
Gross savings to GDP · 18.0% +1.21 (+7.2%)

Labour

Labour — Romania
Indicator Value Change
Unemployment rate · 6.0% +0.59 (+11.0%)
Unemployment rate (monthly) · 6.3% -0.10 (-1.6%)
Labour force participation rate · 51.3% -0.13 (-0.3%)
Female labour force participation rate · 41.8% -0.10 (-0.2%)
Youth unemployment rate · 24.5% +0.91 (+3.9%)
Employment to population ratio · 48.3% -0.43 (-0.9%)
Employment in agriculture · 10.9% -0.32 (-2.8%)
Employment in industry · 32.6% -0.08 (-0.3%)
Employment in services · 56.5% +0.40 (+0.7%)

Money

Money — Romania
Indicator Value Change
Real interest rate · 0.3% +1.04 (+139.1%)
Central bank policy rate · 6.5% -0.25 (-3.7%)
Real effective exchange rate (monthly) · 118.6 -0.06 (-0.1%)
Nominal effective exchange rate (monthly) · 101.4 -0.34 (-0.3%)
10-year government bond yield (monthly) · 6.7% +0.28 (+4.4%)
Broad money to GDP · 41.5% -0.66 (-1.6%)
Private sector credit to GDP · 22.1% -0.66 (-2.9%)
Lending rate · 8.5% -0.24 (-2.7%)
Bank deposit rate · 5.2% -0.31 (-5.6%)
Stock market capitalization to GDP · 16.5% +4.14 (+33.4%)
Bank nonperforming loans · 3.1% +0.26 (+9.2%)
Official exchange rate · 4.47 -0.13 (-2.8%)

Trade

Trade — Romania
Indicator Value Change
Current account to GDP · -7.9% +0.26 (+3.2%)
Exports to GDP · 35.5% -0.12 (-0.3%)
Imports to GDP · 40.7% -0.88 (-2.1%)
Trade to GDP · 76.2% -1.00 (-1.3%)
Exports of goods and services · 152,113,432,501.96 +15,908,991,827 (+11.7%)
Imports of goods and services · 174,602,572,419.19 +15,410,114,173 (+9.7%)
Trade balance, goods and services (annual) · -22,546,774,924.37 +458,536,382 (+2.0%)
Current account balance (annual) · -33,878,533,096.77 -2,632,328,581 (-8.4%)
Foreign direct investment to GDP · 2.2% +0.32 (+16.9%)
Remittances received to GDP · 2.5% -0.01 (-0.3%)
Total reserves, including gold · 90,648,371,894.65 +17,257,123,803 (+23.5%)
Reserves in months of imports · 5.5 +0.58 (+11.8%)

Government

Government — Romania
Indicator Value Change
Government debt to GDP (quarterly) · 59.4% -0.30 (-0.5%)
Government revenue to GDP · 30.7% +1.51 (+5.2%)
Government expense to GDP · 37.3% +0.11 (+0.3%)
Tax revenue to GDP · 16.2% +0.53 (+3.4%)
Government budget balance to GDP · -8.8% -2.31 (-35.6%)
Government consumption to GDP · 17.3% -1.21 (-6.5%)
Education spending to GDP · 3.3% -0.04 (-1.1%)
Health spending to GDP · 5.7% -0.09 (-1.5%)

Demography

Demography — Romania
Indicator Value Change
Population · 19,020,271 -31,533 (-0.2%)
Population, long-run history · 19,266 -84.83 (-0.4%)
Population growth · -0.2% -0.12 (-241.0%)
Life expectancy · 76.5 +0.05 (+0.1%)
Fertility rate · 1.39 -0.15 (-9.7%)
Birth rate · 7.5 -0.90 (-10.7%)
Death rate · 12.8 +0.00 (+0.0%)
Urban population share · 52.2% +0.01 (+0.0%)
Population aged 65 and over · 20.1% +0.16 (+0.8%)
Under-five mortality rate · 7.3 +0.40 (+5.8%)
Population density · 82.8 -0.04 (-0.0%)
Net migration · -29,041 -575.00 (-2.0%)
Gini index · 29.8 -2.50 (-7.7%)

Source: Bank for International Settlements (BIS). Translated titles are not official BIS translations.

Source: Bolt, J. and van Zanden, J.L. (2024), Maddison style estimates of the evolution of the world economy: A new 2023 update, Journal of Economic Surveys, 1-41, DOI 10.1111/joes.12618. Licensed under CC BY 4.0. The original sources are listed on each page.

All data sources

Original sources of these estimates

GDP pc: 2008 - 2022: Total Economy Database the Conference Board for all countries included in TED. Otherwise UN national accounts statistics

Romania

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